Houdini 12 Nodes Object nodes

Environment Lights provide background illumination from outside the scene.

Environment lights illuminate the scene from a virtual hemisphere (or sphere) that is beyond that farthest geometry objects in the scene. Environment lights can be rotated to orient directional illumination, but they cannot be translated.

An environment light may use a texture map to provide HDRI illumination from an environment map. With no rotation, the environment map is oriented so that the top face aligns with the positive Y axis.

See how to create an environment/reflection map.

Parameters

Transform

Transform Order

The left menu chooses the order in which transforms are applied (for example, scale, then rotate, then translate). This can change the position and orientation of the object, in the same way that going a block and turning east takes you to a different place than turning east and then going a block.

The right menu chooses the order in which to rotate around the X, Y, and Z axes. Certain orders can make character joint transforms easier to use, depending on the character.

Rotation

Degrees rotation about XYZ axes.

Viewing Options

Display

Whether or not this object is displayed. Turn on the checkbox to have Houdini use this parameter, then set the value to 0 to hide the object, or 1 to show the object. If the checkbox is off, Houdini ignores the value.

Icon scale

Scales the viewport geometry. This parameter is only for display purposes.

Cache Object Transform

Caches object transforms once Houdini calculates them. This is especially useful for objects whose world space position is expensive to calculate (such as Sticky objects), and objects at the end of long parenting chains (such as Bones). This option is turned on by default for Sticky and Bone objects.

See the OBJ Caching section of the Houdini Preferences window for how to control the size of the object transform cache.

Viewport Selecting Enabled

Object is capable of being picked in viewport.

Select Script

Script to run when the object is picked in the viewport. See select scripts .

Lookat Options

Look At

Object to point to. Constrains an object so its -Z axis always points at another object’s origin.

Look At Up Vector

When specifying a look at, it is possible to specify an up vector for the look at. This controls the roll of this object when looking at the look at object.

Don’t Use Up Vector

Use this option if the look at object does not pass through the Y axis of this object.

Use Up Vector

This precisely defines the direction of the Y axis of this object while looking. The up vector specified should not be parallel to the look at direction. The value used is specified by the Orient Up Vector parameter below.

Use Quaternions

Quaternions are a mathematical representation of a 3D rotation. This method finds the most efficient means of moving from one point to another on a sphere.

Light

Light Color

The environment color or environment map tint if a map is used.

Light Intensity

A scale on the color. If the intensity is 0, the light is disabled. The light will only be sent to the renderer if the object is included in the Force Lights parameter of the output driver.

Environment Map

Environment map to control the color and intensity of light arriving from different directions. The color from the environment map will be tinted by the light color.

This parameter will be disabled if Enable Sky Environment Map (on the Sky Environment Map tab) is on.

Light Enabled

Turning this toggle off is equivalent to setting the light intensity to 0.

Enable Light In Viewport

Turning this off removes the light from consideration in the viewport. This is useful for lights which only make sense at render time.

Diffuse contribution

The light will contribute to diffuse illumination when illuminating a surface.

Specular contribution

The light will provide specular highlights on the surface when illuminating a surface.

Render Light Geometry

Display the light as a geometry object in the render. Environment lights will appear as a background image in the render when this toggle is enabled.

Clip To Positive Y Hemisphere

Forces the environment lighting to only emit light from the +Y hemisphere. When lighting a scene that occludes most illumination in the -Y hemisphere (eg. a scene with a large ground plane), turning on this toggle can improve rendering quality.

Render Options

Options that affect how light is produced by the environment light.

Rendering Mode

The sampling style for environment illumination. Environment lighting is computed with raytracing by sending rays out into the hemisphere above the shaded surface to analyze the amount of light arriving at the surface from different directions.

Which rendering mode you choose to use will depend on the type of environment illumination as well as the geometry in your scene.

Direct Lighting

The environment will be treated as a large area light enclosing the scene. If an environment map is used, mantra will send more samples toward bright portions of the environment. If you want the environment to contribute to specular or reflective surfaces, you should use this option.

Direct lighting enables support for variance antialiasing when rendering with PBR or when using the Surface Model VOP. Variance antialiasing makes use of the min/max ray samples to automatically detect and reduce noise in the lighting.

Tip

Normally “Direct Lighting” should be preferred in the following scenarios:

  • When the environment map contains directional illumination (eg. parts of the map are much brighter than others)

  • When you require a specular contribution from the environment

  • When you require per-light exports

Ambient Occlusion

The environment will be computed using ambient occlusion. Ambient occlusion is computed using the VEX Global Illumination shader, and will send evenly distributed rays in the hemisphere to check for blocking surfaces. Ambient occlusion works best when computing lighting without an environment map or with a map that has little variation in color over the hemisphere. Occlusion will only contribute to diffuse lighting.

Tip

Normally “Ambient Occlusion” should be preferred in the following scenarios:

  • When rendering without an environment map or when the environment lighting is uniform and not very intense

  • When using irradiance caching

Ray Tracing Background

The environment will contribute to the scene indirectly for shaders that trace rays that exit the scene. This mode is supported through the resolvemissedray VEX function, which can be used in shaders to query the background illumination for a given ray. Ray Tracing Background mode is supported for the following scenarios:

  • PBR rendering (either micropolygon or raytracing)

  • Non-PBR rendering when using the Surface Model VOP

In this mode, deep rasters from the environment light will appear in the “indirect_emission” export plane rather than the per-light diffuse/reflect/refract planes. This will occur because the light is treated like an emissive background object rather than as a true light source.

Tip

Normally “Ray Tracing Background” should be preferred in the following scenarios:

  • When rendering without an environment map or when the environment lighting is uniform and not very intense

  • When you are using PBR or a shader that performs ray tracing to calculate most indirect lighting

  • When using an Indirect Light to calculate irradiance, to speed up lighting for secondary rays

Sampling Quality

The sampling quality multiplier for the light. A value of 1 will use the ray sampling parameters (Min Ray Samples) from the output driver directly. Other values will proportionally increase or decrease the sampling quality.

Portal Geometry

Specifies a geometry object that can be used to optimize sampling of environment lights in enclosed scenes. The portal geometry describes to the renderer where light can enter the enclosed scene, so that the sampling algorithm can concentrate on the parts of the environment that actually contribute lighting to a pixel. Normally, the portal geometry should be a geometry object that is not rendered, so that it does not cast shadows on the scene, and that has only a single layer of surface visible from any point in the scene - so that illumination is not multiply counted.

A correctly configured portal should produce the same rendered result as when the portal is disabled, but with much less noise. Portals should normally not be used in outdoor scenes where the environment map is fully visible, or when the environment map contains sharp variations in intensity - since in these cases the standard direct lighting algorithm may produce better results.

Using an environment light with a portal is equivalent to creating a standard geometry light with physically correct attenuation, no intensity normalization, and transform into this object enabled.

Ray Distance

Maximum distance from the sample point to consider geometry for irradiance/occlusion.

Sampling Angle

Half-angle over which to send rays for irradiance/occlusion. 90 degrees is a full hemisphere.

Adaptive Sampling

Turns on an automatic optimization that will reduce the number of samples when there is little variation in occlusion above the sample point. This can improve performance at the expense of some possible flickering or additional noise. Adaptive sampling will only take effect with more than 64 samples.

Sky Environment Map

Options to automatically create a “sky and ground” environment map for the light.

Enable Sky Environment Map

Automatically create a “sky and ground” environment map. When this parameter is on, the Environment Map parameter (on the Environment tab) will be disabled.

Resolution

The resolution (in pixels per cube side) of the environment map.

The other parameters on this tab are identical to the parameters of the Sky Environment Map compositing node.

Direction

The type of direction to calculate. Either Away from Sun or Towards the Sun.

Calculated Vector

The direction vector for the sun.

Calculated Rotate

The Euler rotation angles to align -Z axis with the Calculated Vector.

Shadow

Shadow Type
None

No shadows will be cast by this light.

Ray-Traced Shadows

Ray-tracing will be used to compute shadows from this light source.

Shadow Mask

A mask of objects which will be considered occluders for the light source. When ray-traced shadows are used, only these objects will be intersected by shadow rays. When depth map shadows are used, only these objects will appear in the depth map.

Note

It is possible to use categories by adding the shadowcategories rendering parameter.

Shadow Intensity

A scale on how much light is blocked by occluders. By decreasing the shadow intensity, the occluders will not block all the light, allowing some illumination through.

Transparent Shadows

When this option is turned on, the surface shader of occluders will be evaluated to determine the opacity. Turning this option on will cause deep shadow maps to be used when shadowing using Depth Map Shadows.

Examples

Load | Launch

.../examples/nodes/obj/envlight/PortalBox.otl

This example shows how to create a portal light using window geometry. A box is modeled and then split into 2 SOPs - one representing windows and the other walls. The walls are rendered, while the windows are used to specify the portal for an environment light. Toggle on and off the portal to see the render quality difference while rendering in the Render View.

Examples that use this node

Example forExample name
Indirect LightLoad | Launch

.../examples/nodes/obj/indirectlight/TubeCaustic.otl

MantraLoad | Launch

.../examples/nodes/out/ifd/amb_occ_scene.otl

Iso OffsetLoad | Launch

.../examples/nodes/sop/isooffset/Brickify.otl