GEO_Detail.h

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/*
 * PROPRIETARY INFORMATION.  This software is proprietary to
 * Side Effects Software Inc., and is not to be reproduced,
 * transmitted, or disclosed in any way without written permission.
 *
 * NAME:        Geometry Library (C++)
 *
 * COMMENTS:
 *      This defines the detail class (the container for all points/primitives)
 */

#ifndef __GEO_Detail_h__
#define __GEO_Detail_h__

#include "GEO_API.h"
#include "GEO_PrimList.h"
#include "GEO_PrimTypeCompat.h"

#include <GA/GA_Defaults.h>
#include <GA/GA_Detail.h>
#include <GA/GA_ElementGroup.h>
#include <GA/GA_GBMacros.h> // for convenience of GEO_Detail.h includers
#include <GA/GA_Handle.h>
#include <GA/GA_IntrinsicManager.h>
#include <GA/GA_Range.h>
#include <GA/GA_ReuseStrategy.h>
#include <GA/GA_Types.h>

#include <UT/UT_Array.h>
#include <UT/UT_Color.h>
#include <UT/UT_Matrix3.h>
#include <UT/UT_Matrix4.h>
#include <UT/UT_Vector3.h>
#include <UT/UT_VectorTypes.h>
#include <SYS/SYS_Deprecated.h>
#include <SYS/SYS_Inline.h>
#include <SYS/SYS_Types.h>

#include <iosfwd>

template<typename T> class UT_BoundingBoxT;
// IWYU pragma: private, include <UT/UT_BoundingBox.h>
typedef UT_BoundingBoxT<float> UT_BoundingBox;
class UT_BoundingSphere;
class UT_IStream;
class UT_MemoryCounter;
class UT_Options;
class UT_OptionsHolder;
template <typename T> class UT_QuaternionT;
class UT_Ramp;
class UT_String;
class UT_StringArray;
class UT_StringHolder;
template<typename T> class UT_StringMap;
class UT_StringRef;
class UT_XformOrder;
class GA_AttribLoadDataH9;
class GA_AttribSaveDataH9;
class GA_AttributeDict;
class GA_AttributeFilter;
class GA_AttributeOptions;
class GA_AttributeRefMap;
class GA_Breakpoint;
class GA_BreakpointGroup;
class GA_EdgeGroup;
class GA_ElementGroup;
class GA_Group;
class GA_IntrinsicEval;
class GA_LoadOptions;
class GA_PointWrangler;
namespace GA_PrimCompat { class TypeMask; }
class GA_Primitive;
class GA_PrimitiveFactory;
class GA_SaveOptions;
class GA_Stat;
class GA_VertexWrangler;

class GEO_AttributeHandle;
class GEO_Delta;
class GEO_MirrorParms;
class GEO_PointSliderCache;
class GEO_Primitive;
class GEO_Rolloff;
class GEO_Vertex;

template<typename T, bool B> class GA_EdgeT; 
using GA_Edge = GA_EdgeT<GA_Offset, false>;


//
// these are the names of standard attributes
//

#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_POSITION         "P"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_NORMAL           "N"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_TEXTURE          "uv"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_VELOCITY         "v"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_ANGULAR_VELOCITY "w"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_MATERIAL         "shop_materialpath"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_OGLSHOP          "ogl_shop"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DIFFUSE          "Cd"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_ALPHA            "Alpha"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_COM              "com"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DISTANCE         "dist"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_LOD              "lod"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_REST             "rest"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_MASS             "mass"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DRAG             "drag"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_TENSION          "tension"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_SPRINGK          "springk"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_LIFE             "life"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_AGE              "age"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DIST             "dist"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_UP               "up"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_ORIENT           "orient"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_ID               "id"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_PSCALE           "pscale"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_CREASE           "creaseweight"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_AREA             "area"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_PERIMETER        "perimeter"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_WIDTH            "width"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_LAYERMERGE       "layermerge"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_SEGS             "segs"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DIV              "div"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_LAGE             "lage"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_ARC              "arc"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_GEN              "gen"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_TUBECAPTURE      "tubeCapt"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_PNT_CAPTURE_ALPHA "pCaptAlpha"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_PNT_CAPTURE_PATH  "pCaptPath"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_PNT_CAPTURE_DATA  "pCaptData"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_CAPTUREFRAME     "pCaptFrame"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_CAPT_SKELROOT    "pCaptSkelRoot"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_CLOTH_CAPT       "clothCapt"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_WIRE_CAPT_U      "wireCaptU"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_WIRE_CAPT_V      "wireCaptV"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_WIRE_CAPT_PRIMU  "wireCaptPrimU"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_META_CAPT_FRAME  "metaCaptFrame"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_META_CAPT_GROUPS "metaCaptGroups"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_META_CAPT_ROOT   "metaCaptRoot"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_META_CAPT_PATHS  "metaCaptPaths"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_META_CAPT_DATA   "metaCaptData"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_META_CAPT_GROUP_MAP "metaCaptGroupMap"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_META_SLIDE       "slideModifier"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_INFLATE_MODIFIER "inflatemodifier"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_MUSCLE_REST_ANCHOR "restAnchor"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_MUSCLE_REST_XFORMS "restTransforms"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_MUSCLE_INFLATE_NORM "muscleInflateNormal"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_MUSCLE_POSITION_BIAS "positionbiasvalues"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_MUSCLE_CAPT_NAMES    "muscleCaptNames"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_RIXLATE          "rixlate"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DEFORM_SKIN_METHOD "deformSkinMethod"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DEFORM_DUAL_QUATERNION_BLEND_ATTRIB "deformDualQuaternionBlendAttrib"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DEFORM_TRANSFORMS_PATH "deformTransformsPath"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DEFORM_TRANSFORM_REGIONS_PATH "deformTransformRegionsPath"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_DEFORM_TRANSFORM_TARGETS_PATH "deformTransformTargetsPath"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_POSE_SHAPE_EXAMPLE_PATH  "poseShapeExamplePath"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_SHAPE_DIFF_METHOD "shapeDiffMethod"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_SHAPE_DIFF_ORIENT_ATTRIB "shapeDiffOrientAttrib"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_SHAPE_DIFF_TRANSFORM_ATTRIB "shapeDiffTransformAttrib"
#define GEO_STD_ATTRIB_STASH_POSE_PATH  "stashPosePath"

/* Update the getStandardAttributes method when adding attribs */
/* These become the indices into the "context" detail attribute to
 * look up when doing a getStandardAttribute */
enum GEO_Standard_Attributes
{
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_TEXTURE,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_VELOCITY,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_MATERIAL,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_DIFFUSE,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_ALPHA,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_COM,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_DISTANCE,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_LOD,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_REST,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_MASS,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_DRAG,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_TENSION,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_SPRINGK,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_LIFE,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_DIST,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_UP,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_ID,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_PSCALE,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_CREASE,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_AREA,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_PERIMETER,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_WIDTH,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_OGLSHOP,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_LAYERMERGE,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_SEGS,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_DIV,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_LAGE,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_ARC,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_GEN,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_AGE,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_ANGULAR_VELOCITY,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_ORIENT,
    GEO_ATTRIBUTE_TRANSFORM,
    GEO_NUM_STANDARD_ATTRIBUTE
};

enum GEO_Capture_Bone_Property
{
    GEO_CAPTBONE_PROPERTY_PATH,
    GEO_CAPTBONE_PROPERTY_DATA,
    GEO_NUM_CAPTBONE_PROPERTY
};

enum GEO_Capture_Muscle_Property
{
    GEO_CAPTMUSCLE_PROPERTY_GROUPS,
    GEO_CAPTMUSCLE_PROPERTY_XFORMS,
    GEO_CAPTMUSCLE_PROPERTY_POSITIONBIAS,
    GEO_NUM_CAPTMUSCLE_ROPERTY
};

enum GEO_Capture_Meta_Property
{
    GEO_CAPTMETA_PROPERTY_GROUPMAP,
    GEO_CAPTMETA_PROPERTY_PATH,
    GEO_CAPTMETA_PROPERTY_DATA,
    GEO_NUM_CAPTMETA_PROPERTY
};

enum GEO_Capture_Wire_Property
{
    GEO_CAPTWIRE_PROPERTY_PRIMU,
    GEO_NUM_CAPTWIRE_PROPERTY
};

enum GEO_Capture_Cloth_Property
{
    GEO_CAPTCLOTH_PROPERTY_CAPT,
    GEO_NUM_CAPTCLOTH_PROPERTY
};

/// An enum for GEO_Detail::copy's method parameter.
enum GEO_CopyMethod {
    GEO_COPY_ONCE,
    GEO_COPY_START,
    GEO_COPY_ADD,
    GEO_COPY_END
};

class GEO_API GEO_Detail : public GA_Detail
{
public:
             GEO_Detail(GA_PrimitiveFactory &factory,
                        bool full_topology=true);
            ~GEO_Detail() override;

    /// Compute memory usage (includes all shared memory)
    int64 getMemoryUsage(bool inclusive) const override;

    /// Count memory usage using a UT_MemoryCounter in order to count
    /// shared memory correctly.
    /// If inclusive is true, the size of this object is counted,
    /// else only memory owned by this object is counted.
    /// If this is pointed to by the calling object, inclusive should be true.
    /// If this is contained in the calling object, inclusive should be false.
    /// (Its memory was already counted in the size of the calling object.)
    void countMemory(UT_MemoryCounter &counter, bool inclusive) const override;

    /// Clear all the points/primitives out of this detail
    void clearAndDestroy()
    {
        clearCaches();
        incrementMetaCacheCount();
        GA_Detail::clear();
    }

    /// Merge the whole detail, or only a group of prims, or only some points.
    ///
    /// If a @c primGroup is given, only the primitives in that group will be
    /// merged into this detail.  Only points referenced by the primitives will
    /// be merged.  The @c primGroup should exist on the @c src detail.
    ///
    /// Primitives will be appended to the primitive list unless @c
    /// insertPrimsAtHead is set.
    ///
    /// If @c mergePrimGroup is set, primitive groups will be copied from the
    /// source detail.  If @c keep_internal_groups is true, @b all groups
    /// will be copied, not just public primitive groups.
    ///
    /// If @c data_id_strategy is GA_DATA_ID_CLONE and it's a full merge into
    /// an empty detail, any attributes whose source has a valid data id will
    /// inherit that data id.  Otherwise, each merged attribute will get a new
    /// unique data id if this detail is generating such.
    ///
    void         merge(const GEO_Detail &src,
                       const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primGrp = nullptr,
                       bool mergePrimGroup = true,
                       bool insertPrimsAtHead= false,
                       bool keep_internal_groups = true,
                       GA_DataIdStrategy data_id_strategy = GA_DATA_ID_BUMP);

    /// Merge points from the source detail into this detail.
    ///
    /// If the @c ptGrp group is specified, only points in the @c src detail's
    /// group will be merged.
    ///
    /// If @c merge_groups is set, point groups will be copied from the source
    /// detail.  If @c keep_internal_groups is set, @b all groups will be
    /// copied (not just public point groups).
    void         mergePoints(const GEO_Detail &src,
                             const GA_PointGroup *ptGrp = 0,
                             bool merge_groups = true,
                             bool keep_internal_groups = true);

    /// Merge only a group of points.
    void         mergePoints(const GEO_Detail &src, const GA_Range &points);

    /// Merge only a group of prims.
    void         mergePrimitives(const GEO_Detail &src, const GA_Range &prims);

    /// Merge a single primitive into this detail.
    void         merge(const GEO_Primitive &sprim, bool insertPrimAtHead=false);

    /// Copy the source detail into this detail.
    ///
    /// If @c data_id_strategy is GA_DATA_ID_CLONE and method is GEO_COPY_ONCE,
    /// any attributes whose source has a valid data id will inherit that data
    /// id.  Otherwise, each merged attribute will get a new unique data id if
    /// this detail is generating such.
    bool         copy(const GEO_Detail &src, GEO_CopyMethod method = GEO_COPY_ONCE,
                      bool this_parameter_is_ignored = true,
                      bool keep_internal_groups = true,
                      GA_DataIdStrategy data_id_strategy = GA_DATA_ID_BUMP);

    void         collapseIndexAttributes();

    /// Mirrors a portion of the gdp across some plane
    void         mirror(GEO_MirrorParms &parms);

    /// Transform a range of primitives.  Note that this will only transform
    /// the points used by the primitives.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transform(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                            const GA_Range &primitives,
                            bool just_P,
                            bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                            bool check_pasting = true,
                            bool neg_determinant_flip_vector = true,
                            bool update_ptnormals = false,
                            GEO_Delta *geodelta = nullptr,
                            bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                            const char *attribpattern = nullptr);
    /// Transform a range of primitives & points.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transform(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                            const GA_Range &primitives,
                            const GA_Range &points,
                            bool just_P,
                            bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                            bool check_pasting = true,
                            bool neg_determinant_flip_vector = true,
                            bool update_ptnormals = false,
                            GEO_Delta *geodelta = nullptr,
                            bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                            const char *attribpattern = nullptr);


    /// Transform/translate all or some of the primitives. The methods will run
    /// more efficiently if you happen to know the point closure apriori.
    /// If 'just_P' is true, we only transform P, and not other attributes,
    /// and don't check for reflection matrix.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transform(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                           const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primGrp = 0,
                           const GA_PointGroup *pointClosure = 0,
                           bool just_P = false,
                           bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                           bool check_pasting = true,
                           bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                           bool update_ptnormals = false,
                           GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                           bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                           const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    // We transform from min_ptnum to max_ptnum *inclusive*.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transformRange(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                           GA_Index min_ptnum, GA_Index max_ptnum,
                           GA_Index min_primnum, GA_Index max_primnum,
                           bool just_P = false,
                           bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                           bool check_pasting = true,
                           bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                           bool update_ptnormals = false,
                           GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                           bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                           const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         translate(const UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T> &delta,
                           const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primGrp = 0,
                           const GA_PointGroup *pointClosure = 0,
                           bool check_pasting = true,
                           bool update_ptnormals = false,
                           GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                           bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                           const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Transform all range of the points.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transformPoints(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                                 const GA_Range &points,
                                 bool just_P = false,
                                 bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                                 bool check_pasting = true,
                                 bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                                 bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                 GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                 bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                 const char *attribpattern = nullptr);
    /// Transform/translate all or some of the points.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transformPoints(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                                 const GA_PointGroup *pointGroup = 0,
                                 const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primClosure = 0,
                                 bool just_P = false,
                                 bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                                 bool check_pasting = true,
                                 bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                                 bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                 GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                 bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                 const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Transform a range of points by an attrib which stores a matrix4
    /// for each point.
    template <typename FLOAT_T, bool INVERT=false>
    void        transformPointsByAttribute(
                        const GA_ROHandleT<UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> > &xformhandle,
                        const GA_Range &points,
                        bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = true,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Rotates/shears all the attributes by a matrix3 for each point.
    /// Note: Does not scale/rotate GA_TYPE_POINT/GA_TYPE_HPOINT.
    template <typename FLOAT_T, bool INVERT=false>
    void        transformPointsByAttribute(
                        const GA_ROHandleT<UT_Matrix3T<FLOAT_T> > &xformhandle,
                        const GA_Range &points,
                        bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = true,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Rotates all the attributes by a quaternion for each point.
    /// Note: Does not rotate GA_TYPE_POINT/GA_TYPE_HPOINT.
    template <typename FLOAT_T, bool INVERT=false>
    void        transformPointsByAttribute(
                        const GA_ROHandleT<UT_QuaternionT<FLOAT_T> > &xformhandle,
                        const GA_Range &points,
                        bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = true,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Translates all the attributes by a displacement for each point.
    /// Note: Only affects GA_TYPE_POINT/GA_TYPE_HPOINT.
    template <typename FLOAT_T, bool INVERT=false>
    void        translatePointsByAttribute(
                        const GA_ROHandleT<UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T> > &xformhandle,
                        const GA_Range &points,
                        bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = true,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         translatePoints(const UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T> &delta,
                                 const GA_PointGroup *pointGroup = 0,
                                 bool check_pasting = true,
                                 bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                 GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                 bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                 const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Transforms edges, calls transformPoints on the point closure of the
    /// edges.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transformEdges(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                                const GA_EdgeGroup *edgegrp = 0,
                                const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primclosure = 0,
                                bool just_P = false,
                                bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                                bool check_pasting = true,
                                bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                                bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         translateEdges(const UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T> &delta,
                                const GA_EdgeGroup *edgegrp = 0,
                                bool check_pasting    = true,
                                bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Transforms breakpoints
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transformBreakpoints(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                                      const GA_BreakpointGroup *grp = 0,
                                      bool just_P = false,
                                      bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                      GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                      bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                      const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         translateBreakpoints(const UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T> &delta,
                                      const GA_BreakpointGroup *grp = 0,
                                      bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                      GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                      bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                      const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Convenience function, will call the appropriate transform/translate
    /// depending on the type of group
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transformGroup(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                                const GA_Group &grp,
                                bool just_P = false,
                                bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                                bool check_pasting = true,
                                bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                                const GA_PointGroup *ptclosure = 0,
                                const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primclosure = 0,
                                bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         translateGroup(const UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T> &delta,
                                const GA_Group &grp,
                                bool check_pasting = true,
                                const GA_PointGroup *ptclosure = 0,
                                bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                const char *attribpattern = nullptr);

    void         visualizeSoftPoints(const GEO_Rolloff &rolloff,
                                const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup,
                                UT_ColorRamp ramp);

    /// Class for passing symmetry arguments to certain soft transform related
    /// methods.
    class GEO_API SoftSymmetryParms
    {
    public:
        bool operator==(const SoftSymmetryParms &other) const
        {
            return myNormal == other.myNormal
                && myOrigin == other.myOrigin
                && myTol == other.myTol;
        }

        bool operator!=(const SoftSymmetryParms &other) const
        {
            return !(*this == other);
        }

        UT_Vector3       myNormal;      // assumed to be normalized!
        UT_Vector3       myOrigin;
        float            myTol;
    };

    // this function is outdated, GUsurfaceDistance should be used
    ///   symmetry - the soft falloff from any points not directly on the plane
    ///              of symmetry will be clamped to that plane of symmetry when
    ///              provided
    ///   affected_group - if provided, all points within the soft falloff
    ///                    will be added to this group
    void         computeSoftPointFalloff(
                        const bool connected,
                        const fpreal radius,
                        const GEO_Rolloff *rolloff,
                        const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup,
                        const SoftSymmetryParms *symmetry,
                        const GA_RWHandleF &falloff,
                        const GA_ROHandleV3 &p_attrib,
                        GA_PointGroup* affected_group = nullptr,
                        GA_RWHandleID* source_points = nullptr) const;

    /// The computeNormal methods compute the normals of primitives, points,
    /// edges and breakpoints.  The primitive one is there for completeness.
    /// An edge normal is the average of its primitive normals.

    /// For internal functions:
    /// If nml_offset > -1, the attribute at that offset will be returned,
    /// else if the geometry has a normal attribute ("N"), nml_offset
    ///         will be set to the offset of that attribute and that attributes
    ///         value will be returned,
    /// else if the geometry has an internal normal attribute ("internalN")
    ///         the value of the internal attribute will be returned and
    ///         nml_offset will be set to its offset,
    /// else the "internalN" attribute is created by a call to normal(1),
    ///         nml_offset is set to it, and the calculated value returned.
    /// If nml_offset is null, the case of nml_offset == -1 is followed
    /// except nml_offset is not written to.
    /// Otherwise:
    /// Recompute the normal. No side-effects happen, but this is much
    /// slower.

    /// A faster version of computeNormal which has the side effect of
    /// computing the internal normal if it's not there
    void         computeNormalInternal(GA_Offset ptoff, UT_Vector3 &nml);
   
    /// This is the same as prim.computeNormal()
    void         computeNormal(const GEO_Primitive &prim, UT_Vector3 &nml) const;
    void         computeNormal(const GA_Edge &edge, UT_Vector3 &nml) const;

    /// WARNING: This could be very slow! Are you sure you need no side-effects?
    /// See computeNormalInternal!
    void         computeNormal(const GA_Breakpoint &bkpt, UT_Vector3 &nml) const;

    /// Compute the normal, and (optionally) tangents, at the specified
    /// breakpoint.  An extension of computeNormal() that also computes
    /// partial tangents.
    void         computeNormalAndTangents(const GA_Breakpoint &bkpt,
                                          UT_Vector3 &nml,
                                          UT_Vector3 *u_tangent,
                                          UT_Vector3 *v_tangent,
                                          bool normalize) const;

    /// The normalTranslate* methods translate points, prims, edges or
    /// breakpoints along each of their normals.
    void         normalTranslatePoints(float length = 1.0F, 
                                       int check_pasting = 1,
                                       const GA_PointGroup *grp = 0,
                                       int update_ptnormals = 0,
                                       GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                       bool updateaffectednormals = false, 
                                       const GA_Attribute *custom_attrib = nullptr, 
                                       const bool normalize_attrib = false,
                                       const GA_Attribute *mask = nullptr);
    void         normalTranslatePrimitives(float length = 1.0F,
                                       int check_pasting = 1,
                                       const GA_PrimitiveGroup *grp = 0,
                                       int update_ptnormals = 0,
                                       GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                       bool updateaffectednormals = false, 
                                       const GA_Attribute *custom_attrib = nullptr, 
                                       const bool normalize_attrib = false,
                                       const GA_Attribute *mask = nullptr);
    void         normalTranslate(const GA_PointGroup &grp, 
                                 float length = 1.0F, int check_pasting = 1,
                                 int update_ptnormals = 0,
                                 GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                 bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                 const GA_Attribute *custom_attrib = nullptr, 
                                 const bool normalize_attrib = false,
                                 const GA_Attribute *mask = nullptr);
    void         normalTranslate(const GA_PrimitiveGroup &grp, 
                                 float length = 1.0F, int check_pasting = 1,
                                 int update_ptnormals = 0,
                                 GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                 bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                 const GA_Attribute *custom_attrib = nullptr, 
                                 const bool normalize_attrib = false,
                                 const GA_Attribute *mask = nullptr);
    void         normalTranslate(const GA_EdgeGroup &grp,
                                 float length = 1.0F, int  check_pasting = 1,
                                 int update_ptnormals = 0,
                                 GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                 bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                 const GA_Attribute *custom_attrib = nullptr, 
                                 const bool normalize_attrib = false,
                                 const GA_Attribute *mask = nullptr);
    void         normalTranslate(const GA_BreakpointGroup &grp,
                                 float length = 1.0F, int check_pasting = 1,
                                 int update_ptnormals = 0,
                                 GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                 bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                 const GA_Attribute *mask = nullptr);
    void         normalTranslateGroup(const GA_Group &grp,
                                 float length = 1.0F, int check_pasting = 1,
                                 int update_ptnormals = 0,
                                 GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                 bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                 const GA_Attribute *custom_attrib = nullptr, 
                                 const bool normalize_attrib = false,
                                 const GA_Attribute *mask = nullptr);

    /// Update the point normals that are affected by a transform
    /// applied to a given point group.  If the transform is the same
    /// everywhere, only points on the boundary will be recomputed.
    /// Also recomputes vertex normals.
    /// See GEOcomputeNormals() as well.
    void        updateAffectedNormals(const GA_Range &ptrange, 
                                GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0, 
                                bool allsametransform = false);

    /// Slide edges along adjacent primitive edges.  The transform matrix is
    /// used to compute translation deltas for the edge endpoints.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         slideTransformEdges(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                                const GA_EdgeGroup *edgegrp = 0,
                                const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primclosure = 0,
                                bool just_P = false,
                                bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                                bool check_pasting = true,
                                bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                                bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                bool updateaffectednormals = false);

    /// Slide points across the face of adjacent primitives.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         slideTransformPoints(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                                const GA_PointGroup *ptgrp = 0,
                                const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primclosure = 0,
                                bool just_P = false,
                                bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                                bool check_pasting = true,
                                bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                                bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                GEO_PointSliderCache *slider_cache = 0);

    /// Slide primitives (by their points) across the face of adjacent
    /// primitives.
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         slideTransformPrimitives(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                                const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primgrp = 0,
                                const GA_PointGroup *ptclosure = 0,
                                bool just_P = false,
                                bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                                bool check_pasting = true,
                                bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                                bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                GEO_PointSliderCache *slider_cache = 0);

    /// Convenience function, will call the appropriate slide transform
    /// depending on the type of group
    /// Don't use update_ptnormals, except for compatibility; use updateaffectednormals.
    /// The GEO_PointSliderCache argument is unused for edge groups.
    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         slideTransformGroup(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                                const GA_Group &grp,
                                bool just_P = false,
                                bool keep_vector_lengths = true,
                                bool check_pasting = true,
                                bool neg_determinant_flipvector = true,
                                const GA_PointGroup *ptclosure = 0,
                                const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primclosure = 0,
                                bool update_ptnormals = false,
                                GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                                bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                                GEO_PointSliderCache *slider_cache = 0);


    /// Class for passing local context arguments to certain softTransform*()
    /// methods.
    template <typename FLOAT_T>
    class LocalXformContextT
    {
    public:
        // Enum for flagging how the coordinate frame is specified.
        enum class Type
        { LOOKAT, ORIENT };

        // Enum for flagging whether the pivot transform is specified in
        // global or local space.
        enum class PivotSpace
        { GLOBAL, LOCAL };

        /// Coordinate frame defined by lookat(zero, forward, up).
        LocalXformContextT(const UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T> &forward,
                           const UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T> &up,
                           PivotSpace pivot_space)
            : myFwdVector(forward), myUpVector(up), myType(Type::LOOKAT),
              myPivotSpace(pivot_space) {}

        /// Coordinate frame defined by an orient (rotate) matrix and origin.
        /// The orient matrix should transform row vector coordinates in the
        /// local basis to the standard world basis.
        LocalXformContextT(const UT_Matrix3T<FLOAT_T> &orient,
                           const UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T> &origin,
                           PivotSpace pivot_space)
            : myOrient(orient), myOrigin(origin), myType(Type::ORIENT),
              myPivotSpace(pivot_space) {}

        // These two members are only set when myType == Type::LOOKAT.
        UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T>     myFwdVector;
        UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T>     myUpVector;

        // These two members are only set when myType == Type::ORIENT.
        UT_Matrix3T<FLOAT_T>     myOrient;
        UT_Vector3T<FLOAT_T>     myOrigin;

        Type                     myType;
        PivotSpace               myPivotSpace;
    };
    using LocalXformContextR = LocalXformContextT<fpreal>;
    using LocalXformContextF = LocalXformContextT<fpreal32>;
    using LocalXformContextD = LocalXformContextT<fpreal64>;

    /// Perform the transformation given by t*, s*, p*, s_*, in the
    /// coordinate frame described by local_frame.
    template<typename FLT>
    static
    UT_Matrix4T<FLT>    localSpaceXformMatrix(const UT_XformOrder &order,
                                              const LocalXformContextT<FLT>
                                                &local_frame,
                                              FLT tx, FLT ty, FLT tz,
                                              FLT rx, FLT ry, FLT rz,
                                              FLT sx, FLT sy, FLT sz,
                                              FLT s_xy, FLT s_xz, FLT s_yz,
                                              FLT px, FLT py, FLT pz,
                                              FLT prx, FLT pry, FLT prz);

    /// Transform points using soft-selections (proportional xform):
    ///   symmetry - the soft falloff from any points not directly on the plane
    ///              of symmetry will be clamped to that plane of symmetry when
    ///              provided
    ///   falloff_output - any non-zero falloffs used during this call will be
    ///                    written to this attribute when provided
    ///   falloff_written - will be set to true when provided if falloff_output
    ///                     is provided, and this call did not skip processing
    ///                     any non-zero falloffs.  If not set, you must call
    ///                     computeSoftPointFalloff() to obtain the falloffs.
    void         softTransformPoints(
                        const UT_XformOrder &order,
                        float tx, float ty, float tz,
                        float rx, float ry, float rz,
                        float sx, float sy, float sz,
                        float s_xy, float s_xz, float s_yz,
                        float px, float py, float pz,
                        float prx, float pry, float prz,
                        const GEO_Rolloff &rolloff,
                        const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup = 0,
                        const SoftSymmetryParms *symmetry = 0,
                        int just_P = 0,
                        int keep_vector_lengths = 1,
                        int check_pasting = 1,
                        int neg_determinant_flipvector = 1,
                        int update_ptnormals = 0,
                        GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr,
                        const GA_RWHandleF *falloff_output = nullptr,
                        bool *falloff_written = nullptr);
    void         softTransformEdges(
                        const UT_XformOrder &order,
                        float tx, float ty, float tz,
                        float rx, float ry, float rz,
                        float sx, float sy, float sz,
                        float s_xy, float s_xz, float s_yz,
                        float px, float py, float pz,
                        float prx, float pry, float prz,
                        const GEO_Rolloff &rolloff,
                        const GA_EdgeGroup *edgegrp = 0,
                        const SoftSymmetryParms *symmetry = 0,
                        int just_P = 0,
                        int keep_vector_lengths = 1,
                        int check_pasting = 1,
                        int neg_determinant_flipvector = 1,
                        int update_ptnormals = 0,
                        GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr,
                        const GA_RWHandleF *falloff_output = nullptr,
                        bool *falloff_written = nullptr);

    void         softTransformPoints(
                        const LocalXformContextF *local,
                        const UT_XformOrder &order,
                        float tx, float ty, float tz,
                        float rx, float ry, float rz,
                        float sx, float sy, float sz,
                        float s_xy, float s_xz, float s_yz,
                        float px, float py, float pz,
                        float prx, float pry, float prz,
                        const GEO_Rolloff &rolloff,
                        const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup = 0,
                        const SoftSymmetryParms *symmetry = 0,
                        int just_P = 0,
                        int keep_vector_lengths = 1,
                        int check_pasting = 1,
                        int neg_determinant_flipvector = 1,
                        int update_ptnormals = 0,
                        GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr,
                        const GA_RWHandleF *falloff_output = nullptr,
                        bool *falloff_written = nullptr);
    void         softTransformEdges(
                        const LocalXformContextF *local,
                        const UT_XformOrder &order,
                        float tx, float ty, float tz,
                        float rx, float ry, float rz,
                        float sx, float sy, float sz,
                        float s_xy, float s_xz, float s_yz,
                        float px, float py, float pz,
                        float prx, float pry, float prz,
                        const GEO_Rolloff &rolloff,
                        const GA_EdgeGroup *edgegrp = 0,
                        const SoftSymmetryParms *symmetry = 0,
                        int just_P = 0,
                        int keep_vector_lengths = 1,
                        int check_pasting = 1,
                        int neg_determinant_flipvector = 1,
                        int update_ptnormals = 0,
                        GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr,
                        const GA_RWHandleF *falloff_output = nullptr,
                        bool *falloff_written = nullptr);

    /// Translate points using soft-selections (proportional xlate):
    ///   symmetry - the soft falloff from any points not directly on the plane
    ///              of symmetry will be clamped to that plane of symmetry when
    ///              provided
    ///   falloff_output - any non-zero falloffs used during this call will be
    ///                    written to this attribute when provided
    ///   falloff_written - will be set to true when provided if falloff_output
    ///                     is provided, and this call did not skip processing
    ///                     any non-zero falloffs.  If not set, you must call
    ///                     computeSoftPointFalloff() to obtain the falloffs.
    void         softTranslatePoints(
                        const UT_Vector3 &delta,
                        const GEO_Rolloff &rolloff,
                        const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup = 0,
                        const SoftSymmetryParms *symmetry = 0,
                        int check_pasting = 1,
                        int update_ptnormals = 0,
                        GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr,
                        const GA_RWHandleF *falloff_output = nullptr,
                        bool *falloff_written = nullptr);
    void         softTranslateEdges(
                        const UT_Vector3 &delta,
                        const GEO_Rolloff &rolloff,
                        const GA_EdgeGroup *edgegrp = 0,
                        const SoftSymmetryParms *symmetry = 0,
                        int check_pasting = 1,
                        int update_ptnormals = 0,
                        GEO_Delta *geodelta = 0,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                        const char *attribpattern = nullptr,
                        const GA_RWHandleF *falloff_output = nullptr,
                        bool *falloff_written = nullptr);

    /// Translate points along their normals using soft-selections
    ///   symmetry - the soft falloff from any points not directly on the plane
    ///              of symmetry will be clamped to the plane of symmetry when
    ///              provided
    ///   falloff_output - any non-zero falloffs used during this call will be
    ///                    written to this attribute when provided
    ///   falloff_written - will be set to true when provided if falloff_output
    ///                     is provided, and this call did not skip processing
    ///                     any non-zero falloffs.  If not set, you must call
    ///                     computeSoftPointFalloff() to obtain the falloffs.
    void         softNormalTranslatePoints(
                        float distance,
                        const GEO_Rolloff &rolloff,
                        const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup = nullptr,
                        const SoftSymmetryParms *symmetry = nullptr,
                        int along_lead_normal = 1,
                        int check_pasting = 1,
                        int update_ptnormals = 0,
                        GEO_Delta *geodelta = nullptr,
                        bool updateaffectednormals = false,
                        const GA_RWHandleF *falloff_output = nullptr,
                        bool *falloff_written = nullptr);

    /// Add and compute normal attributes.  Returns the normal attribute.
    /// If given a primgroup, only points within the selection are used
    /// in the calculation, all others are zeroed.
    GA_Attribute *normal(bool internal = false,
                             const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primgroup = nullptr);

    /// Return normals computed from the geometry, ignoring the "N" attribute.
    void normal(UT_Vector3Array &output, bool use_internaln = true) const;
    void normal(UT_Vector3DArray &output, bool use_internaln  = true) const;

    /// Compute normals into the existing attribute given.  The attribute
    /// can be detached, and the detail won't ever be modified.
    void normal(const GA_RWHandleV3 &attrib,
                const GA_PrimitiveGroup *primgroup = nullptr) const;

    /// Add and compute vertex normal attributes. Returns the normals.
    void getVertexNormals(UT_Vector3Array &output) const;

    /// Methods for manipulating capture weights (GEO_CaptureWeight.C)
    enum CaptureType
    {
        CAPTURE_BONE = 0,
        CAPTURE_META,
        CAPTURE_WIRE,
        CAPTURE_CLOTH,
        CAPTURE_MUSCLE
    };

    /// Get the name of the point attribute which contains (region, weight)
    /// pairs of capture data.
    static const UT_StringHolder
                        &getPointCaptureAttribName(CaptureType type);

    /// Get the name of the property which contains an index of
    /// region names (like capture regions and metaball groups). Returns nullptr
    /// if no such region mapping exists for a type.
    static const char   *getPointCaptureIndexPropertyName(CaptureType type);

    /// Get the name of the detail attribute for capture frame. Returns nullptr
    /// if a capture type doesn't use capture frame.
    static const UT_StringHolder
                        &getPointCaptureFrameAttribName(CaptureType type);

    /// Get the name of the detail attribute for capture root. Returns nullptr
    /// if a capture type doesn't use capture frame.
    static const UT_StringHolder
                        &getPointCaptureRootAttribName(CaptureType type);

    /// Get the name of the property for capture data (usually,
    /// a linear array of transformation matrices + possibly other data).
    /// Returns nullptr if a capture type doesn't use a capture data attribute.
    static const char   *getPointCaptureDataPropertyName(CaptureType type);

    // Get the cregion root path. Returns true if successful with the value
    // in root_path.
    bool         getCaptureRegionRootPath(UT_String &root_path,
                                          CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE) const;
    bool         setCaptureRegionRootPath(const UT_String &root_path,
                                          CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Given a string representing a capture region for type t, return that
    /// region's index. -1 is returned if no index exists.
    int                  getCaptureRegionIndex(const UT_String &cregion_name,
                                       CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Add a new bone capture region. Sets the detail's capture transforms
    /// for the new region. Returns the index for this new region or -1 for
    /// failure.
    int                 addCaptureRegion(const UT_String &cregion_name,
                                  const UT_Matrix4 &parent_xform,
                                  const GEO_Detail *tube_gdp);
    int                 addCaptureRegion(const UT_String &cregion_name,
                                  const UT_Matrix4 &xform, float tcap, float bcap,
                                  float taperx, float taperz);

    /// Add a non-bone capture capture region of type type to this detail.
    /// Returns the index for this new region, or -1 for failure.
    int                 addCaptureRegion(const UT_String &cregion_name,
                                  CaptureType type);
    
    /// Delete a capture region (detail and point attributes) data.
    /// Return index of deleted attribute, -1 if cannot delete capture region
    int                 removeCaptureRegion(const UT_String &cregion_name,
                                     CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE);
    
    /// Set the capture weight on a group of points
    void         setCaptureWeight(int cregion_index, float weight,
                                  const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup = nullptr,
                                  GEO_Delta *geodelta = nullptr,
                                  bool add_weight = false,
                                  bool clamp_negative = false,
                                  bool normalizeweight = false,
                                  CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Set the capture weight on a point
    void         setCaptureWeight(int cregion_index, float weight,
                                  GA_Offset ptoff,
                                  GEO_Delta *geodelta = nullptr,
                                  bool add_weight = false,
                                  bool clamp_negative = false,
                                  bool normalizeweight = false,
                                  CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Get the capture weight of a point
    float        getCaptureWeight(int cregion_index, GA_Offset ptoff,
                                  CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE) const;

    /// Get the average capture weight of a set of points
    bool         addAverageCaptureWeight(const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup,
                                         const UT_String &root_path,
                                         UT_StringMap<float *> &averages ) const;

    void         getCaptureWeights(GA_Offset ptoff, UT_IntArray &regions,
                                   UT_FloatArray &weights,
                                   CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE) const;
    void         clearCaptureWeights(GA_Offset ptoff,
                                     CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE);

    enum VisualizationType
    {
        VISTYPE_SINGLE,
        VISTYPE_MULTIPLE
    };

    /// Color points according to their capture (normalized) weight
    void         colorPointsByCaptureWeight(
                            const UT_Array<const UT_Vector3 *> &colors,
                            const UT_Vector3 &zero_weight_color,
                            CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE,
                            VisualizationType vistype = VISTYPE_MULTIPLE,
                            UT_ColorRamp singlevismode = UT_COLORRAMP_FALSE);

    /// Color points according to their capture weight, with option to
    /// normalize the weights for visualization.
    void         colorPointsByCaptureWeight(
                            const UT_Array<const UT_Vector3 *> &colors,
                            const UT_Vector3 &zero_weight_color,
                            CaptureType t,
                            VisualizationType vistype,
                            UT_ColorRamp singlevismode,
                            bool normalize);

    void         normalizeCaptureWeights(const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup = nullptr,
                                         CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE,
                                         fpreal tolerance = SYS_FTOLERANCE_R);
    
    /// clamp the capture weights to the given low/hi values, if the
    /// corresponding flag is true and the capture weight is below/above
    /// the corresponding threshold. If low/hi flag is false, the capture
    /// weight will be unaffected for respecive clamping.
    void         clampCaptureWeights(const GA_PointGroup *ptgroup = nullptr,
                            bool clamp_low_flag = true,
                            float low_threshold = 0.0f, float low_val = 0.0f, 
                            bool clamp_hi_flag  = false,
                            float hi_threshold  = 1.0f, float hi_val  = 1.0f,
                            CaptureType t = GEO_Detail::CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// This specifies a capture index that is exempt from normalization.
    void         normalizeRelativeCaptureWeights(int idx, GA_Offset ptoff,
                                                 GEO_Delta *delta=nullptr);

    ///
    /// Methods for adding to the point list.
    ///
    GA_Offset    insertPointOffset(GA_Index beforeWhich = GA_INVALID_INDEX);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Offset    appendPointOffset() { return GA_Detail::appendPoint(); }
    /// Insert a point, copying data from the source point.  If the @c
    /// beforeWhich index isn't specified, the point will be added at the
    /// end of the point list.
    GA_Offset    insertPointCopy(GA_Offset src,
                        GA_PointWrangler &wrangler,
                        GA_Index beforeWhich = GA_INVALID_INDEX);
    /// Insert a point, copying data from the source point.  If the @c
    /// beforeWhich index isn't specified, the point will be added at the
    /// end of the point list.
    /// @note It is more efficient to use the GA_PointWrangler version.
    GA_Offset    insertPointCopy(GA_Offset src,
                        GA_Index beforeWhich = GA_INVALID_INDEX);

    /// Append a point, copying data from the source point.
    GA_Offset    appendPointCopy(GA_Offset src, GA_PointWrangler &wrangler)
                                    { return insertPointCopy(src, wrangler); }
    /// Append a point, copying data from the source point.
    /// @note It is more efficient to use the GA_PointWrangler version.
    GA_Offset    appendPointCopy(GA_Offset src)
                                    { return insertPointCopy(src); }

    /// Provide a few additional overloads of deletePoints() in addition
    /// to those available in GA_Detail.
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Size             deletePoints(const GA_PointGroup &point_group,
                                GA_DestroyPointMode mode=GA_LEAVE_PRIMITIVES)
                        {
                            return destroyPoints(GA_Range(point_group), mode);
                        }

    /// Get a GEO_Primitive pointer by primitive offset
    /// @{
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GEO_Primitive *         getGEOPrimitive(GA_Offset primoff)
                            {
                                if (!GAisValid(primoff))
                                    return nullptr;
                                // reinterpret_cast to avoid including header
                                return reinterpret_cast<GEO_Primitive*>(
                                        getPrimitive(primoff));
                            }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GEO_Primitive *   getGEOPrimitive(GA_Offset off) const
                            {
                                if (!GAisValid(off))
                                    return nullptr;
                                return reinterpret_cast<const GEO_Primitive*>(
                                        getPrimitive(off));
                            }
    /// @}

    /// Get a GEO_Primitive pointer by primitive index
    /// @{
    GEO_Primitive *         getGEOPrimitiveByIndex(GA_Index idx)
                            {
                                if (!GAisValid(idx))
                                    return nullptr;
                                return reinterpret_cast<GEO_Primitive*>(
                                        getPrimitiveByIndex(idx));
                            }
    const GEO_Primitive *   getGEOPrimitiveByIndex(GA_Index idx) const
                            {
                                if (!GAisValid(idx))
                                    return nullptr;
                                return reinterpret_cast<const GEO_Primitive*>(
                                        getPrimitiveByIndex(idx));
                            }
    /// @} 

    /// @{
    /// GA uses "destroy" instead of "delete" as the verb.  However, the old
    /// GEO/GB code made extensive use of "delete".  These methods are to save
    /// the sanity of people trying to port code.
    GA_Size     deletePoints(const GA_Range &range,
                                GA_DestroyPointMode mode=GA_LEAVE_PRIMITIVES)
                    { return destroyPoints(range, mode); }
    GA_Size     deletePrimitives(const GA_Range &range, bool and_points=false)
                    { return destroyPrimitives(range, and_points); }
    bool        deletePrimitive(GA_Primitive &prim, bool and_points=false)
                    { return destroyPrimitive(prim, and_points); }
    /// @}

    /// Inserting and appending a new primitive
    /// Insertion works the same way as insertion of points.  However, the
    /// primitive is not allocated beforehand, leaving this to the allocator.
    /// If the source primitive is from another detail, our primitive attribute
    /// dictionary must be an extension of that detail's (see
    /// sortAllAttributes()).  Note that this last condition is the reverse of
    /// that for inserting or appending a copy of a point.
    GEO_Primitive       *insertPrimitive(const GA_PrimitiveTypeId &type,
                                const GEO_Primitive *beforeWhich = nullptr);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GEO_Primitive *appendPrimitive(const GA_PrimitiveTypeId &type)
    {
        // NOTE: This is not a static_cast to avoid needing the definition
        //       of GEO_Primitive.
        return (GEO_Primitive *) GA_Detail::appendPrimitive(type);
    }

    /// Provide a few additional overloads of deletePrimitives() in addition
    /// to those available in GA_Detail.
    GA_Size              deletePrimitives(const GA_PrimitiveGroup &primGrp,
                                          bool and_points = false);
    GA_Size              deletePrimitives(
                                    const UT_Array<GEO_Primitive*> &prims_in,
                                    bool and_points = false);

    /// Delete a whole group of breakpoints.
    /// @note The group is cleared when done (non-const operation)
    virtual void         deleteBreakpoints(const GA_BreakpointGroup &bkptgrp);

    //  Find the bounding box (optionally of a group of primitives)
    // instantiation. Returns false if the box is empty and true otherwise.
    bool                 getBBox(UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                 const GA_PrimitiveGroup *g = nullptr) const;

    /// Find the bounding box (optionally of a group of primitives) of
    /// transformed instantiation. Returns false if the box is empty and true
    /// otherwise.
    bool                 getBBox(UT_BoundingBox &bbox,
                                 const UT_Matrix4R &transform,
                                 const GA_PrimitiveGroup *g = nullptr) const;

    /// Find bounding box of visible primitives.
    /// Returns false if the box is empty and true otherwise.
    bool                 getVisibleBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const UT_Matrix4R *transform = nullptr,
                                const GA_PrimitiveGroup *g = nullptr) const;

    bool                 getBSphere(UT_BoundingSphere *bsphere,
                                    const GA_PrimitiveGroup *g = nullptr,
                                    bool accurate_bounds = false) const;

    /// Find the bounding box (optionally of a group of points)
    /// instantiation. Returns false if the box is empty and true otherwise.
    bool                 getPointBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_PointGroup *g = nullptr) const;
    bool                 getPointBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox& bbox,
                                const UT_Matrix4R &transform,
                                const GA_PointGroup *g = nullptr) const;
    bool                 getPointBSphere(
                                UT_BoundingSphere *bsphere,
                                const GA_PointGroup *g = nullptr,
                                bool accurate_bounds = false) const;
    bool                 getVertexBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_VertexGroup *g = nullptr) const;
    bool                 getVertexBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox& bbox,
                                const UT_Matrix4R &transform,
                                const GA_VertexGroup *g = nullptr) const;
    bool                 getEdgeBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox &bbox,
                                const GA_EdgeGroup &grp) const;
    bool                 getEdgeBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox &bbox,
                                const UT_Matrix4R &transform,
                                const GA_EdgeGroup &grp) const;
    bool                 getEdgeBSphere(
                                UT_BoundingSphere &bsphere,
                                const GA_EdgeGroup &grp,
                                bool accurate_bounds = false) const;
    bool                 getBreakpointBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox &bbox,
                                const GA_BreakpointGroup &grp) const;
    bool                 getBreakpointBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox &bbox,
                                const UT_Matrix4R &transform,
                                const GA_BreakpointGroup &grp) const;
    bool                 getBreakpointBSphere(
                                UT_BoundingSphere &bsphere,
                                const GA_BreakpointGroup &grp,
                                bool accurate_bounds = false) const;
    bool                 getGroupBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_Group *grp) const;
    bool                 getGroupBBox(
                                UT_BoundingBox& bbox,
                                const UT_Matrix4R &transform,
                                const GA_Group *grp) const;
    bool                 getGroupBSphere(
                                UT_BoundingSphere *bsphere,
                                const GA_Group *grp,
                                bool accurate_bounds) const;

    /// The following method computes either a 2D or 3D bounding box
    /// for the specified float attribute.
    bool                 getPointAttribBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_PointGroup *g = nullptr) const;
    bool                 getPointAttribBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_PrimitiveGroup &g) const;
    bool                 getPointAttribBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_EdgeGroup &g) const;
    bool                 getPointAttribBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_VertexGroup &g) const;

    /// Compute the 3D centroid with the given attribute and group.
    /// typename T can either be single or double precision.
    /// Returns false if there are no points. Behaviour is undefined if the
    /// attribute has less than 3 components.
    template <typename T>
    bool                 getPointAttribCentroid(
                                UT_Vector3T<T> &centroid,
                                const GA_Attribute &attrib,
                                const GA_PointGroup *grp = nullptr) const;

    bool                 getPointAttribGroupBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_Group *grp) const;

    bool                 getVertexAttribBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_PointGroup *g = nullptr) const;
    bool                 getVertexAttribBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_PrimitiveGroup &g) const;
    bool                 getVertexAttribBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_EdgeGroup &g) const;
    bool                 getVertexAttribBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_VertexGroup &g) const;
    bool                 getVertexAttribGroupBBox(
                                const UT_StringRef &name,
                                UT_BoundingBox *bbox,
                                const GA_Group *grp) const;

    /// Copy vertex attributes from source to destination
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    void                 copyVertexAttributes(GEO_Vertex dest,
                                        const GEO_Vertex &src) const;
    void                 copyVertexAttributes(GA_Offset dest, GA_Offset src,
                                        GA_VertexWrangler &wrangler) const;
    /// Copy vertex AND point attributes
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    void                 copyPointVertexAttributes(GEO_Vertex dest,
                                        const GEO_Vertex &src,
                                        bool copy_point_P = true) const;
    void                 copyPointVertexAttributes(
                                    GA_Offset dest_vtx, GA_Offset src_vtx,
                                    const GA_AttributeRefMap &vertex_attribs,
                                    const GA_AttributeRefMap &point_attribs);
    void                 copyPointVertexAttributes(
                                    GA_Offset dest_vtx, GA_Offset src_vtx,
                                    GA_VertexWrangler &vertex_wrangler,
                                    GA_PointWrangler &point_wrangler,
                                    bool copy_point_P)
                         {
                             copyVertex(dest_vtx, src_vtx, vertex_wrangler,
                                        point_wrangler, copy_point_P);
                         }
    /// Copy vertex attributes AND change the point reference of the vertex
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    void                 copyFullVertex(GEO_Vertex dest,
                                        const GEO_Vertex &src) const;
    /// Copy vertex attributes AND change the point reference of the vertex
    void                 copyFullVertex(GA_Offset dest_vtx,
                                        GA_Offset src_vtx,
                                        GA_VertexWrangler &vertex_wrangler)
                         {
                             copyVertex(dest_vtx, src_vtx, vertex_wrangler,
                                        nullptr);
                         }
    /// Copy primitive attributes
    void                 copyPrimitiveAttributes(GEO_Primitive &dest,
                                        const GEO_Primitive &src);

    void                 copyPrimitiveGroups(GEO_Primitive &dest,
                                        const GEO_Primitive &src) const;

    /// Create a copy of the source vertex. Regardless of the "shallow" parm,
    /// this method will copy the vertex attribute data. If not shallow, it
    /// will also copy the point attribute data and will assign the source
    /// point position to the destination point. If shallow, it will assign the
    /// source point offset to the destination.
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    void                 copyVertex(GEO_Vertex dest, const GEO_Vertex &src,
                                    int shallow = 0) const;

    /// Inherit the simple version of copyVertex from GA_Detail.
    using GA_Detail::copyVertex;

    /// Create a copy of the source vertex, copying only the vertex attributes
    /// specified by "vertex_attribs" and only the point attributes specified
    /// by the optional "point_attribs".  If "point_attribs" is nullptr, then a
    /// shallow point copy is performed wiring the source's point (if any) to
    /// dest.
    void                 copyVertex(GA_Offset dest, GA_Offset src,
                                    GA_AttributeRefMap &vertex_attribs,
                                    GA_AttributeRefMap *point_attribs);

    /// Create a copy of the source vertex using the supplied wranglers to
    /// copy attributes.  If "point_wrangler" is nullptr, then a shallow point
    /// copy is performed, wiring the source's point (if any) to dest.
    void                 copyVertex(GA_Offset dest, GA_Offset src,
                                    GA_VertexWrangler &vertex_wrangler,
                                    GA_PointWrangler *point_wrangler);

    /// Create a copy of the source vertex using the supplied wranglers to
    /// copy attributes.  Unlike the previous method which takes an optional
    /// "point_wrangler", this overload always performs a non-shallow point
    /// copy and specifies whether or not "P" should be copied, regardless of
    /// the setting of the point wrangler.
    void                 copyVertex(GA_Offset dest, GA_Offset src,
                                    GA_VertexWrangler &vertex_wrangler,
                                    GA_PointWrangler &point_wrangler,
                                    bool copy_point_p);

    ///  The following method will fix all rational curve/patch weights by
    /// flagging the curve/patch appropriately. It is quite expensive since
    ///  it traverses the entire primitive list. Only call it as a last resort.
    void                 fixSplineWeights();

    ///  Some useful alias functions, they simplify your life a lot
    ///  Attribute handling
    ///
    /// These alias methods return the offset of the (new) attribute, or -1 if
    /// they failed for some reason.

    GA_Attribute *addNormalAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addTextureAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addVelocityAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addAngularVelocityAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addOrientAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addAlphaAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addComAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addDiffuseAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addDistanceAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addLODAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addRestAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                   GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID,
                                   const UT_StringHolder &name
                                        = UT_StringHolder::theEmptyString);
    GA_Attribute *addTubeCaptureAttribute(
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);

    /// Add the detail's capture frame attribute for capture type t.
    GA_Attribute *addCaptureFrameAttribute(CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);

    /// Add the bone capture skeleton root detail attribute.
    GA_Attribute *addCaptureSkelRootAttribute(CaptureType t
                                                                = CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Add a new custom (index, weight) point attribute.
    /// TODO: geo_NPairs is temporary to force examination of old signature
    ///       uses, which took size in bytes instead of the # of pairs.
    class GEO_API geo_NPairs
    {
        public:
            explicit geo_NPairs(int v) : myValue(v) {} 

            int          getValue() const { return myValue; }
        private:
            int          myValue;
    };
    GA_Attribute *addPtIndexPairAttribute(const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                                 geo_NPairs n_pairs,
                                                 GA_Storage s=GA_STORE_INVALID);
    GA_Attribute *addIndexPairAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                        int n_pairs,
                                        GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);

    /// Add the (index, weight) point attribute for capture type t.
    GA_Attribute *addPointCaptureAttribute(geo_NPairs n_pairs,
                                                  CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE,
                                                  GA_Storage s =
                                                            GA_STORE_INVALID);

    /// Add the bone capture alpha point attribute.
    GA_Attribute *addPointCaptureAlphaAttribute(float dflt,
                                            GA_Storage s = GA_STORE_INVALID);

    const GA_Attribute  *findNormalAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findNormalAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    const GA_Attribute  *findTextureAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findTextureAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    const GA_Attribute  *findVelocityAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findVelocityAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    const GA_Attribute  *findAlphaAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findAlphaAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    const GA_Attribute  *findComAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findComAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    const GA_Attribute  *findDiffuseAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findDiffuseAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    const GA_Attribute  *findDistanceAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findDistanceAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    const GA_Attribute  *findLODAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findLODAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    const GA_Attribute  *findRestAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findRestAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    const GA_Attribute  *findTubeCaptureAttribute() const;
    GA_Attribute        *findTubeCaptureAttribute();

    /// Find the material attribute if it exists.  This checks for the
    /// GEO_STD_ATTRIB_MATERIAL name.
    GA_ROHandleS         findMaterialAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who) const;

    /// The internal normal attribute is always a point attribute
    /// @todo Remove internalN code path with the H11 viewport?
    const GA_Attribute  *findInternalNormalAttribute() const;
    GA_Attribute        *findInternalNormalAttribute();

    /// Find the offset for the detail's capture frame attribute for capture
    /// type t.
    const GA_Attribute  *findCaptureFrameAttribute(
                                            CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findCaptureFrameAttribute(
                                            CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Find the offset for the bone capture skeleton root detail attribute.
    const GA_Attribute  *findCaptureSkelRootAttribute(CaptureType t 
                                                          = CAPTURE_BONE) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findCaptureSkelRootAttribute(CaptureType t 
                                                          = CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Find the offset for the (region, weight) point capture *point*
    /// attribute for capture type t.
    const GA_Attribute  *findPointCaptureAttribute(
                                            CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findPointCaptureAttribute(
                                            CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE);
    /// Find the offset for the bone capture alpha point attribute.
    const GA_Attribute  *findPointCaptureAlphaAttribute() const;
    GA_Attribute        *findPointCaptureAlphaAttribute();

    /// Find the offset for a custom (index, weight) point attribute.
    const GA_Attribute  *findPtIndexPairAttribute(const UT_StringRef &name) const;
    GA_Attribute        *findPtIndexPairAttribute(const UT_StringRef &name);

    void                 destroyNormalAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    void                 destroyInternalNormalAttribute();
    void                 destroyTextureAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    void                 destroyVelocityAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    void                 destroyAlphaAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    void                 destroyComAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    void                 destroyDiffuseAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    void                 destroyDistanceAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    void                 destroyLODAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    void                 destroyRestAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner who);
    void                 destroyTubeCaptureAttribute();

    /// Destroy the detail's capture frame attribute for capture type t.
    void                 destroyCaptureFrameAttribute(CaptureType t 
                                                                = CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Destroy the bone capture skeleton root detail attribute.
    void                 destroyCaptureSkelRootAttribute(CaptureType t
                                                                = CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Destroy the (region, weight) point capture *point* attribute for 
    /// capture type t.
    void                 destroyPointCaptureAttribute(CaptureType t = 
                                                                  CAPTURE_BONE);

    /// Destroy the bone capture alpha point attribute.
    void                 destroyPointCaptureAlphaAttribute();

    /// Destroy a custom (index, weight) point attribute.
    void                 destroyPtIndexPairAttribute(const UT_StringRef &name);

    /// Retrieve the restAnchor string attribute from this gdp, if
    /// it exists - return true if successful
    bool                 getMetaRestAnchorPath(UT_String &anchorPath) const;
    
    /// You should never assume that "uv" is textures!
    /// Note that Point capture is still special cased.
    /// If the supplied layer is <= 0, then the current layer is used.
    /// To extract all the layers names, one should do:
    /// for (layer = 1; layer <= getNumLayers(); layer++)
    ///    layername[layer] = getStdAttributeName(..., layer);
    ///
    /// WARNING: The returned UT_StringHolder may own the string it references,
    /// so you *must* either assign it to a UT_StringHolder or UT_String,
    /// or pass it to a function that takes a UT_StringHolder, UT_StringRef,
    /// const UT_StringHolder&, or const UT_StringRef&.
    /// *DO* *NOT* assign it to a const char* variable!  The UT_StringHolder
    /// will be destructed immediately after the assignment, deleting the
    /// string that the const char* points to!
    UT_StringHolder      getStdAttributeName(GEO_Standard_Attributes name,
                                             int layer = -1) const;
    int                  getAttributeLayer(const char* attr_name) const;

    static GA_TypeInfo   getStdAttributeTypeInfo(const char *name, int floattuplesize);

    /// These handle layers:
    int                  getCurrentLayer() const;
    void                 setCurrentLayer(int layer);
    void                 setNumLayers(int numlayer);
    int                  getNumLayers() const;
    /// These get and set the CURRENT layer's merge mode:
    void                 setLayerMerge(int preclear, int mask, int srcblend,
                                        int dstblend);
    void                 getLayerMerge(int &preclear, int &mask, int &srcblend,
                                        int &dstblend) const;

    void                 addVariableName(const char *attr, const char *varname);
    void                 removeVariableName(const char *varname)
                            { addVariableName(0, varname); }
    /// This gets a raw list of the variable maps suitable for caching
    /// to see if they changed.
    void                 getVariableNameMap(UT_String &result) const;
    
    /// Traverses the variable name mappings currently present:
    void                 traverseVariableNames(int (*function)(const char *attr,
                                    const char *varname, void *data), 
                                    void *data) const;

    /// increase the memory size of the attribute
    GA_Attribute *growPointCaptureAttribute(geo_NPairs num_added_pairs,
                                                  CaptureType t = CAPTURE_BONE);

    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute *addPointAttrib(const GA_Attribute *src)
                         {
                             return getAttributes().cloneAttribute(
                                                GA_ATTRIB_POINT,
                                                src->getName(), *src, true);
                         }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute *addPointAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                 const UT_StringHolder &n,
                                 const UT_Options *creation_args,
                                 const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options,
                                 const UT_StringRef &attribtype)
                         {
                             return createAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_POINT, scope, n,
                                        creation_args, attribute_options,attribtype);
                         }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute *addPointAttrib(const UT_StringHolder &n,
                                        const UT_Options *creation_args,
                                        const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options,
                                        const UT_StringRef &attribtype)
                         {
                             return createAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_POINT, n,
                                        creation_args, attribute_options,attribtype);
                         }

    /// Replace old findPointAttribute(const char *name...) with
    /// findIntTuple(GA_ATTRIB_POINT, ...), findFloatTuple(),
    /// findStringTuple(), etc.
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findPointAttrib(const GA_Attribute &src) const
                         { return findPointAttribute(src.getScope(),
                                                     src.getName()); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findPointAttrib(const GA_Attribute &src)
                         { return findPointAttribute(src.getScope(),
                                                     src.getName()); }

    /// Looks for a 3-float point attribute
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findPointVectorAttrib(GA_AttributeScope s,
                                    const UT_StringRef &n) const
                         { return findFloatTuple(GA_ATTRIB_POINT, s, n, 3, 3); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findPointVectorAttrib(const UT_StringRef &n) const
                         { return findFloatTuple(GA_ATTRIB_POINT, n, 3, 3); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findPointVectorAttrib(GA_AttributeScope s,
                                    const UT_StringRef &n)
                         { return findFloatTuple(GA_ATTRIB_POINT, s, n, 3, 3); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findPointVectorAttrib(const UT_StringRef &n)
                         { return findFloatTuple(GA_ATTRIB_POINT, n, 3, 3); }

    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    void                 destroyPointAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringRef &n,
                                    const GA_AttributeFilter *filter=nullptr)
                         { destroyAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_POINT,scope, n, filter); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    void                 destroyPointAttrib(const UT_StringRef &n,
                                    const GA_AttributeFilter *filter=nullptr)
                         { destroyAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_POINT, n, filter); }

    bool                 promotePointAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                            const UT_StringRef &name);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    bool                 promotePointAttrib(const UT_StringRef &name)
                         { return promotePointAttrib(GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name); }

    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addVertexAttrib(const GA_Attribute *src)
                         {
                             return getAttributes().cloneAttribute(
                                                GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX,
                                                src->getName(), *src, true);
                         }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addVertexAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope, const UT_StringHolder &n,
                                        const UT_Options *creation_args,
                                        const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options,
                                        const UT_StringRef &attribtype)
                         {
                             return createAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX, scope, n,
                                        creation_args, attribute_options,attribtype);
                         }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addVertexAttrib(const UT_StringHolder &n,
                                        const UT_Options *creation_args,
                                        const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options,
                                        const UT_StringRef &attribtype)
                         {
                             return createAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX, n,
                                        creation_args, attribute_options,attribtype);
                         }

    /// Replace old findVertexAttribute(const char *name...) with
    /// findIntTuple(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX, ...), findFloatTuple(),
    /// findStringTuple(), etc.
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findVertexAttrib(const GA_Attribute &src) const
                         { return findVertexAttribute(src.getScope(),
                                                      src.getName()); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findVertexAttrib(const GA_Attribute &src)
                         { return findVertexAttribute(src.getScope(),
                                                      src.getName()); }

    /// Looks for a 3-float vertex attribute
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findVertexVectorAttrib(GA_AttributeScope s,
                                        const UT_StringRef &n) const
                         { return findFloatTuple(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX,s, n, 3, 3); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findVertexVectorAttrib(const UT_StringRef &n) const
                         { return findFloatTuple(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX, n, 3, 3); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findVertexVectorAttrib(GA_AttributeScope s,
                                        const UT_StringRef &n)
                         { return findFloatTuple(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX,s, n, 3, 3); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findVertexVectorAttrib(const UT_StringRef &n)
                         { return findFloatTuple(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX, n, 3, 3); }

    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    void                 destroyVertexAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                const UT_StringRef &n,
                                const GA_AttributeFilter *filter=nullptr)
                         { destroyAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX,scope, n,filter); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    void                 destroyVertexAttrib(const UT_StringRef &n,
                                const GA_AttributeFilter *filter=nullptr)
                         { destroyAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX, n, filter); }

    bool                 demoteVertexAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                            const UT_StringRef &name);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    bool                 demoteVertexAttrib(const UT_StringRef &name)
                         { return demoteVertexAttrib(GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name); }

    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addPrimAttrib(const GA_Attribute *src)
                         {
                             return getAttributes().cloneAttribute(
                                                GA_ATTRIB_PRIMITIVE,
                                                src->getName(), *src,true);
                         }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addPrimAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope, const UT_StringHolder &n,
                                        const UT_Options *creation_args,
                                        const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options,
                                        const UT_StringRef &attribtype)
                         {
                             return createAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_PRIMITIVE, scope,
                                n, creation_args, attribute_options,attribtype);
                         }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addPrimAttrib(const UT_StringHolder &n,
                                        const UT_Options *creation_args,
                                        const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options,
                                        const UT_StringRef &attribtype)
                         {
                             return createAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_PRIMITIVE, n,
                                        creation_args, attribute_options,attribtype);
                         }

    /// Replace old findPrimAttribute(const char *name...) with
    /// findIntTuple(GA_ATTRIB_PRIMITIVE, ...), findFloatTuple(),
    /// findStringTuple(), etc.
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findPrimAttrib(const GA_Attribute &src) const
                         { return findPrimitiveAttribute(src.getScope(),
                                                         src.getName()); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findPrimAttrib(const GA_Attribute &src)
                         { return findPrimitiveAttribute(src.getScope(),
                                                         src.getName()); }

    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    void                 destroyPrimAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                const UT_StringRef &n,
                                const GA_AttributeFilter *filter=nullptr)
                         {
                             destroyAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_PRIMITIVE, scope, n,
                                              filter);
                         }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    void                 destroyPrimAttrib(const UT_StringRef &n,
                                const GA_AttributeFilter *filter=nullptr)
                         {
                             destroyAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_PRIMITIVE, n, filter);
                         }

    /// Note: if attrib already exists, will return pointer to existing
    /// attrib.
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addGlobalAttrib(const GA_Attribute *src)
                         {
                             return getAttributes().cloneAttribute(
                                                GA_ATTRIB_DETAIL,
                                                src->getName(), *src, true);
                         }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addGlobalAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringHolder &n,
                                        const UT_Options *creation_args,
                                        const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options,
                                        const UT_StringRef &attribtype)
                         {
                             return createAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_DETAIL, scope, n,
                                        creation_args, attribute_options,attribtype);
                         }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addGlobalAttrib(const UT_StringHolder &n,
                                        const UT_Options *creation_args,
                                        const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options,
                                        const UT_StringRef &attribtype)
                         {
                             return createAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_DETAIL, n,
                                        creation_args, attribute_options,attribtype);
                         }

    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findGlobalAttrib(const GA_Attribute &src) const
                         { return findGlobalAttribute(src.getScope(),
                                                      src.getName()); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findGlobalAttrib(const GA_Attribute &src)
                         { return findGlobalAttribute(src.getScope(),
                                                      src.getName()); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    void                 destroyGlobalAttrib(GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringRef &n,
                                    const GA_AttributeFilter *filter=nullptr)
                         { destroyAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_DETAIL,scope, n,filter); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    void                 destroyGlobalAttrib(const UT_StringRef &n,
                                    const GA_AttributeFilter *filter=nullptr)
                         { destroyAttribute(GA_ATTRIB_DETAIL, n, filter); }

    SYS_DEPRECATED_PUSH_DISABLE()
    /// Query the internal structures:
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_PrimList                 primitives()
                                 {
                                     return GEO_PrimList(getPrimitiveMap()); 
                                 }
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    const GEO_PrimList           primitives() const
                                 {
                                     return GEO_PrimList(getPrimitiveMap());
                                 }
    SYS_DEPRECATED_POP_DISABLE()

    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_AttributeDict      &pointAttribs() const
                                { return getAttributes().getDict(
                                                    GA_ATTRIB_POINT); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_AttributeDict      &primitiveAttribs() const
                                { return getAttributes().getDict(
                                                    GA_ATTRIB_PRIMITIVE); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_AttributeDict      &vertexAttribs() const
                                { return getAttributes().getDict(
                                                    GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX); }
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_AttributeDict      &attribs() const
                                { return getAttributes().getDict(
                                                    GA_ATTRIB_DETAIL); }

    // Typedef for the GA_Detail::GB_MACRO_CAST static methods.
    typedef GEO_Primitive GB_MACRO_PRIM_TYPE;

    bool        hasMetaPrimitives() const;
    bool        hasPastedPrimitives() const;
    bool        hasQuadricPrimitives() const;
    bool        hasParticlePrimitives() const;
    bool        hasVolumePrimitives() const;
    bool        hasChannelPrimitives() const;
    bool        hasTransformingPrimitives() const;

    /// Check to see whether the detail has any custom primitive types (i.e.
    /// non-factory primitives)
    bool        hasCustomPrimitives() const;

    GA_Size     getMetaCount() const;
    GA_Size     getPastedCount() const;
    GA_Size     getQuadricCount() const;
    GA_Size     getParticleCount() const;
    GA_Size     getVolumeCount() const;

    // This function will find the GEO_Standard_Attributes enum that
    // matches the provided string s.
    // true is returned on if a match is found; false if no match.
    bool getStandardAttributes(const char *s, GEO_Standard_Attributes &a);

    bool                         mergeCaptureProperties(
                                        GA_Attribute *my_atr,
                                        const GA_Attribute *src_atr,
                                        UT_IntArray &new_indices);

    /// Methods for dealing with attribute handles.  It is important to note
    /// that the const methods return READ-ONLY handles which will fail when
    /// any write methods are called.
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getPointAttribute (const char *attrib_name) const;
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getPointAttribute (const char *attrib_name);
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getPrimAttribute  (const char *attrib_name) const;
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getPrimAttribute  (const char *attrib_name);
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getVertexAttribute(const char *attrib_name) const;
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getVertexAttribute(const char *attrib_name);
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getDetailAttribute(const char *attrib_name) const;
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getDetailAttribute(const char *attrib_name);
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner dict,
                                      const char *attrib_name) const;
    SYS_DEPRECATED_HDK(13.0)
    GEO_AttributeHandle  getAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner dict,
                                      const char *attrib_name);

    /// Change the storage type from one type to another.  For example, cast an
    /// integer attribute into a floating point attribute, or vice versa.
    /// Only some casting methods have been implemented, so it's quite likely
    /// that this method may fail.
    bool        changeAttributeStorage(GA_AttributeOwner dict,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        GA_Storage new_storage);
    bool        changePointAttributeStorage(const UT_StringRef &nm, GA_Storage s);
    bool        changeVertexAttributeStorage(const UT_StringRef &nm, GA_Storage s);
    bool        changePrimAttributeStorage(const UT_StringRef &nm, GA_Storage s);
    bool        changeDetailAttributeStorage(const UT_StringRef &nm, GA_Storage s);

    /// @{
    /// Convenience functions to set a detail attribute to a specific
    /// value, and also create the attribute if it doesn't exist.
    /// Values will only be assigned to the first N tuple components.  For
    /// example, for strings, only the first string value will be set, while
    /// for a vector2, only the first 2 components will be set.
    /// @note Storing a ramp will call the save() method on the UT_Ramp and
    /// assign that string to the attribute.
    /// @note If the attribute already exists but is the wrong type, or the
    /// attribute has too small a tuple size, this method will fail.
    bool        setDetailAttributeS(const UT_StringHolder &aname, const char *value);
    bool        setDetailAttributeS(const UT_StringHolder &aname, const UT_StringArray &s);
    bool        setDetailAttributeR(const UT_StringHolder &aname, const UT_Ramp &ramp);
    bool        setDetailAttributeF(const UT_StringHolder &aname, float v);
    bool        setDetailAttributeF(const UT_StringHolder &aname, float v1, float v2);
    bool        setDetailAttributeF(const UT_StringHolder &aname, const UT_Vector2 &v);
    bool        setDetailAttributeF(const UT_StringHolder &aname, const UT_Vector3 &v);
    bool        setDetailAttributeF(const UT_StringHolder &aname, const UT_Vector4 &v);
    bool        setDetailAttributeF(const UT_StringHolder &aname, const UT_Matrix3 &v);
    bool        setDetailAttributeF(const UT_StringHolder &aname, const UT_Matrix4 &v);
    bool        setDetailAttributeI(const UT_StringHolder &aname, int v);
    /// @}

    /// @{
    /// Convenience routines to retrieve a group of points referenced
    /// by a range/group of primitives. These routines assume that the point
    /// group pointer is not nullptr and return the size of the resulting point 
    /// group.
    GA_Size getPointGroupAdjacentToPrimitiveGroup(
            const GA_PrimitiveGroup *in_prim_grp,
            GA_PointGroup *adj_pt_grp);
    GA_Size getPointGroupAdjacentToPrimitiveRange(
            const GA_Range &in_prim_rng,
            GA_PointGroup *adj_pt_rng);
    GA_Size getVertexGroupAdjacentToPrimitiveGroup(
            const GA_PrimitiveGroup *in_prim_grp,
            GA_VertexGroup *adj_vtx_grp);
    GA_Size getVertexGroupAdjacentToPrimitiveRange(
            const GA_Range &in_prim_rng,
            GA_VertexGroup *adj_vtx_rng);
    /// @}

private:
    struct AdjacentPolygonData
    {
        GA_Offset myAdjacentPolygon;

        bool operator==(const AdjacentPolygonData &pad) const
        { return myAdjacentPolygon == pad.myAdjacentPolygon; }
        bool operator<(const AdjacentPolygonData &pad) const
        { return myAdjacentPolygon < pad.myAdjacentPolygon; }
    };

public:

    struct PointAdjacencyData : public AdjacentPolygonData
    {
        GA_Offset mySharedPoint;
    };

    struct EdgeAdjacencyData : public AdjacentPolygonData
    {
        GA_Offset myStartEdgePoint;
        GA_Offset myEndEdgePoint;
        bool myWindingReversed;
    };

    typedef UT_Array<PointAdjacencyData> GEO_PointAdjArray;
    typedef UT_Array<EdgeAdjacencyData> GEO_EdgeAdjArray;

    // Get an array of PointAdjacencyData structs representing the polygons
    // adjacent to a polygon (poly_off) through a point. Notice that
    // PointAdjacencyData contains a point shared by the two polygons
    GA_Size     getPointAdjacentPolygons(GEO_PointAdjArray &adjacencies,
                                         GA_Offset poly_off) const;
    
    // Get an array of polygon Offsets adjacent to a polygon (poly_off)
    // through a point
    GA_Size     getPointAdjacentPolygons(GA_OffsetArray &polygons,
                                         GA_Offset poly_off) const;


    // Get an array of EdgeAdjacencyData structs representing the polygons
    // adjacent to a polygon (poly_off) through an edge. Notice that
    // EdgeAdjacencyData contains additional information about the type of
    // adjacency
    GA_Size     getEdgeAdjacentPolygons(GEO_EdgeAdjArray &adjacencies,
                                        GA_Offset poly_off) const;

    // Get an array of polygon Offsets adjacent to a polygon (poly_off)
    // through an edge
    GA_Size     getEdgeAdjacentPolygons(GA_OffsetArray &polygons,
                                        GA_Offset poly_off) const;

    /// Searches primitive list for a primitive whose name attribute
    /// matches the given name.
    /// UT_String::multiMatch is used for comparison so searching
    /// for Cd.* will return as expected.
    /// Returns the matchnumberth matching primitive.
    const GEO_Primitive *findPrimitiveByName(const char *nametomatch,
                                            const GA_PrimCompat::TypeMask &mask
                                               = GEO_PrimTypeCompat::GEOPRIMALL,
                                            const char *nameattrib="name",
                                            int matchnumber = 0) const;
    GEO_Primitive       *findPrimitiveByName(const char *nametomatch,
                                            const GA_PrimCompat::TypeMask &mask
                                               = GEO_PrimTypeCompat::GEOPRIMALL,
                                            const char *nameattrib="name",
                                            int matchnumber = 0);

    /// Like findPrimitiveByName, but adds all matching primitives to the list
    void                 findAllPrimitivesByName(
                                UT_Array<const GEO_Primitive *> &primlist,
                                const char *nametomatch,
                                const GA_PrimCompat::TypeMask &mask
                                               = GEO_PrimTypeCompat::GEOPRIMALL,
                                const char *nameattrib="name") const;
    void                 findAllPrimitivesByName(
                                UT_Array<GEO_Primitive*> &primlist,
                                const char *nametomatch,
                                const GA_PrimCompat::TypeMask &mask
                                               = GEO_PrimTypeCompat::GEOPRIMALL,
                                const char *nameattrib="name");

    /// Merges attributes from 'src' into this detail.  Capture attributes for
    /// newly merged points are also updated.  Newly merged points are
    /// identified by point numbers beginning from 'num_pts_prev'.
    void         mergeDetailAttributes( const GEO_Detail &src,
                                        int   num_pts_prev );

    void                 destroyPointGroup(GA_PointGroup *g)
                            { destroyElementGroup(g); }
    void                 destroyPrimitiveGroup(GA_PrimitiveGroup *g)
                            { destroyElementGroup(g); }
    void                 destroyVertexGroup(GA_VertexGroup *g)
                            { destroyElementGroup(g); }
    bool                 destroyPointGroup(const char *name)
                            { return
                                destroyElementGroup(GA_ATTRIB_POINT, name); }
    bool                 destroyPrimitiveGroup(const char *name)
                            { return
                                destroyElementGroup(GA_ATTRIB_PRIMITIVE, name); }
    bool                 destroyVertexGroup(const char *name)
                            { return
                                destroyElementGroup(GA_ATTRIB_VERTEX, name); }

    /// Attempt to copy groups from the source detail.  If override is true,
    /// existing groups with the same names as src groups are cleared, else
    /// existing groups are not affected.  The status (ordered/unordered,
    /// internal/persistent) of the source group is also copied.
    ///
    /// Membership is matched by element index for point and primitive groups,
    /// by primitive and local vertex index for vertex groups, and by element
    /// index validated by adjacency for edge groups.
    void                 mergeGroups(const GEO_Detail &src, bool override,
                                     unsigned mask = GA_GMASK_FULL_MASK);
    GA_PointGroup       *mergeGroup(const GEO_Detail &src,
                                    const GA_PointGroup &group,
                                    bool override = true);
    GA_PrimitiveGroup   *mergeGroup(const GEO_Detail &src,
                                    const GA_PrimitiveGroup &group,
                                    bool override = true);
    GA_VertexGroup      *mergeGroup(const GEO_Detail &src,
                                    const GA_VertexGroup &group,
                                    GA_OffsetArray &map_cache,
                                    bool override = true);
    GA_EdgeGroup        *mergeGroup(const GEO_Detail &src,
                                    const GA_EdgeGroup &group,
                                    bool override = true);

protected:
    static GA_IntrinsicManager::Registrar
                registerIntrinsics(GA_PrimitiveFactory &factory);

    GA_Size             localIntrinsicTupleSize(
                                GA_IntrinsicEval &eval) const override;
    GA_Size             localGetIntrinsicS(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                UT_String &value) const override;
    GA_Size             localGetIntrinsicSA(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                UT_StringArray &value) const override;
    GA_Size             localGetIntrinsicD(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                UT_OptionsHolder &value) const override;
    GA_Size             localGetIntrinsicDA(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                UT_Array<UT_OptionsHolder> &value
                                ) const override;
    GA_Size             localGetIntrinsicI(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                int64 *value, GA_Size size) const override;
    GA_Size             localGetIntrinsicF(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                fpreal64 *value, GA_Size size) const override;
    GA_Size             localSetIntrinsicS(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                const char *value) override;
    GA_Size             localSetIntrinsicSA(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                const UT_StringArray &value) override;
    GA_Size             localSetIntrinsicSS(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                const char **value, GA_Size size) override;
    GA_Size             localSetIntrinsicDA(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                const UT_Array<UT_OptionsHolder> &value
                                ) override;
    GA_Size             localSetIntrinsicDS(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                const UT_OptionsHolder *value,
                                GA_Size size) override;
    GA_Size             localSetIntrinsicI(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                const int64 *value, GA_Size size) override;
    GA_Size             localSetIntrinsicF(GA_IntrinsicEval &eval,
                                const fpreal64 *value, GA_Size size) override;

    GA_Detail::IOStatus saveH9Stream(std::ostream& os, bool binary,
                                        const GA_SaveOptions *options) const;
    GA_Detail::IOStatus loadH9(UT_IStream &is, const GA_LoadOptions *options);

    /// Simple stat of an H9 file.  This only fills out the point/prim counts
    /// This assumes the magic number (32-bits) has already been read from the
    /// file.
    static GA_Detail::IOStatus  statH9Basic(UT_IStream &is, GA_Stat &sbuf,
                                        bool binstream);

    bool         convertIndexPairDataFromH9();
    bool         convertIndexPairDataToH9();

    template<typename FLOAT_T>
    void         transformInternal(const UT_Matrix4T<FLOAT_T> &mat,
                           const GA_Range &prim_range,
                           const GA_Range &pt_range,
                           bool just_P,
                           bool keep_vector_lengths,
                           bool check_pasting,
                           bool neg_determinant_flipvector,
                           bool update_ptnormals,
                           GEO_Delta *geodelta,
                           bool updateaffectednormals,
                           const char *attribpattern);

private:
    GA_ElementGroup     *mergeElementGroup(const GEO_Detail &src,
                                           const GA_ElementGroup &group,
                                           bool override = true);

public:
    /// Some common methods for the standard guys
    GA_Attribute        *addAttribute(const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                const UT_Options *creation_args,
                                const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options,
                                const UT_StringRef &attribtype,
                                GA_AttributeOwner who,
                                GA_AttributeScope scope= GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC);
    GA_Attribute        *growTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                   GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                   const UT_StringRef &name,
                                   int added_size);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *growTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                   const UT_StringRef &name,
                                   int added_size)
                {
                    return growTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name, added_size);
                }
    void                 destroyAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                          GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                          const UT_StringRef &name,
                                          const GA_AttributeFilter *filter = 0);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    void                 destroyAttribute(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                          const UT_StringRef &name,
                                          const GA_AttributeFilter *filter = 0)
                        {
                            destroyAttribute(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                             filter);
                        }

    /// Convenience method to find floating point, int, or string tuples of a
    /// specified size range. If max_size or min_size are <= 0, then we won't
    /// perform the corresponding size check.
    /// @{
    const GA_Attribute  *findFloatTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findFloatTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findFloatTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                  min_size, max_size);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findFloatTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findFloatTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findFloatTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                  min_size, max_size);
                        }
    const GA_Attribute  *findIntTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findIntTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findIntTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                min_size, max_size);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findIntTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findIntTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findIntTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                min_size, max_size);
                        }
    /// findNumericTuple will find either float or int.
    const GA_Attribute  *findNumericTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findNumericTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findNumericTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC,
                                                    name, min_size, max_size);
                        }
    /// findNumericTuple will find either float or int.
    GA_Attribute        *findNumericTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findNumericTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findNumericTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC,
                                                    name, min_size, max_size);
                        }
    const GA_Attribute  *findStringTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                         GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                         const UT_StringRef &name,
                                         int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findStringTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                         const UT_StringRef &name,
                                         int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findStringTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC,
                                                   name, min_size, max_size);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findStringTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                         GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                         const UT_StringRef &name,
                                         int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findStringTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                         const UT_StringRef &name,
                                         int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findStringTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC,
                                                   name, min_size, max_size);
                        }

    const GA_Attribute  *findDictTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findDictTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findDictTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC,
                                                   name, min_size, max_size);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findDictTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findDictTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findDictTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC,
                                                   name, min_size, max_size);
                        }

    const GA_Attribute  *findIndexPair(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                       GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                       const UT_StringRef &name) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findIndexPair(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                       const UT_StringRef &name) const
                        {
                            return findIndexPair(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findIndexPair(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                       GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                       const UT_StringRef &name);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findIndexPair(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                       const UT_StringRef &name)
                        {
                            return findIndexPair(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name);
                        }
    const GA_Attribute  *findFloatArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findFloatArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findFloatArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                  min_size, max_size);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findFloatArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findFloatArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findFloatArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                  min_size, max_size);
                        }
    const GA_Attribute  *findIntArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findIntArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findIntArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                min_size, max_size);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findIntArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findIntArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findIntArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                min_size, max_size);
                        }
    const GA_Attribute  *findNumericArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findNumericArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findNumericArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                min_size, max_size);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findNumericArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findNumericArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                      const UT_StringRef &name,
                                      int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findNumericArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                min_size, max_size);
                        }
    const GA_Attribute  *findStringArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findStringArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findStringArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                   min_size, max_size);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findStringArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findStringArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findStringArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                   min_size, max_size);
                        }
    const GA_Attribute  *findDictArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const;
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    const GA_Attribute  *findDictArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1) const
                        {
                            return findDictArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                   min_size, max_size);
                        }
    GA_Attribute        *findDictArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1);
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *findDictArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                        const UT_StringRef &name,
                                        int min_size=1, int max_size=-1)
                        {
                            return findDictArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                   min_size, max_size);
                        }
    /// @}

    /// @{
    /// Convenience method for adding a float, integer or string tuple
    /// attribute.
    ///
    /// If there's an existing attribute of the same name, the 
    /// GA_ReuseStrategy will be used.  By default, this will return
    /// the existing attribute if it is the same type.  If not, it will
    /// try to replace it with a new one and copy the old data over.
    ///
    /// The attribute storage will be determined by the @c storage parameter.
    /// For example, if it's GA_STORE_REAL32 or GA_STORE_REAL16, a floating
    /// point tuple will be added.  An integer tuple would be created for
    /// GA_STORE_INT64 and a string tuple for GA_STORE_STRING.
    ///
    /// The defaults will be ignored for string attributes.
    /// @note If you have a GA_StorageClass, you can call
    ///    @c GAgetDefaultStorage(storageclass);
    GA_Attribute        *addTuple(GA_Storage storage,
                                GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                int tuple_size,
                                const GA_Defaults &defaults = GA_Defaults(0.0),
                                const UT_Options *creation_args = 0,
                                const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options = 0,
                                const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse =
                                                GA_ReuseStrategy());
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addTuple(GA_Storage storage,
                                GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                int tuple_size,
                                const GA_Defaults &defaults = GA_Defaults(0.0),
                                const UT_Options *creation_args = 0,
                                const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options = 0,
                                const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse =
                                                GA_ReuseStrategy())
                        {
                            return addTuple(storage,
                                    owner,
                                    GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC,
                                    name,
                                    tuple_size,
                                    defaults,
                                    creation_args,
                                    attribute_options,
                                    reuse);
                        }
    /// @}

    /// @{
    /// Convenience method to add a new floating point, int or string tuple
    /// attribute.
    ///
    /// If there's an existing attribute of the same name, the 
    /// GA_ReuseStrategy will be used.  By default, this will return
    /// the existing attribute if it is the same type.  If not, it will
    /// try to replace it with a new one and copy the old data over.
    GA_Attribute        *addFloatTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size,
                                    const GA_Defaults &defaults = GA_Defaults(0.0),
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_REAL32,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy());
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addFloatTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size,
                                    const GA_Defaults &defaults = GA_Defaults(0.0),
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_REAL32,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy())
                         {
                             return addFloatTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                tuple_size, defaults,
                                                creation_args,
                                                attribute_options,
                                                storage, reuse);
                         }
    GA_Attribute        *addIntTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size,
                                    const GA_Defaults &defaults = GA_Defaults(0),
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_INT32,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy());
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addIntTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size,
                                    const GA_Defaults &defaults = GA_Defaults(0),
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_INT32,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy())
                         {
                             return addIntTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                tuple_size, defaults,
                                                creation_args,
                                                attribute_options,
                                                storage, reuse);
                         }

    GA_Attribute        *addStringTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy());
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addStringTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy())
                         {
                             return addStringTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC,
                                        name, tuple_size, creation_args,
                                        attribute_options, reuse);
                         }

    GA_Attribute        *addDictTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy());
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addDictTuple(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy())
                         {
                             return addDictTuple(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC,
                                        name, tuple_size, creation_args,
                                        attribute_options, reuse);
                         }
    /// @}

    /// @{
    /// Convenience method to add a new floating point, or int array
    /// attribute.
    ///
    /// If there's an existing attribute of the same name, the 
    /// GA_ReuseStrategy will be used.  By default, this will return
    /// the existing attribute if it is the same type.  If not, it will
    /// try to replace it with a new one and copy the old data over.
    GA_Attribute        *addFloatArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size = 1,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_REAL32,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy());
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addFloatArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size = 1,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_REAL32,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy())
                         {
                             return addFloatArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                tuple_size, 
                                                creation_args,
                                                attribute_options,
                                                storage, reuse);
                         }
    GA_Attribute        *addIntArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size = 1,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_INT32,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy());
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addIntArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name,
                                    int tuple_size = 1,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_INT32,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy())
                         {
                             return addIntArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                tuple_size,
                                                creation_args,
                                                attribute_options,
                                                storage, reuse);
                         }
    GA_Attribute        *addStringArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name, int tuple_size=1,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_STRING,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy());
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addStringArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name, int tuple_size=1,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_STRING,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy())
                         {
                             return addStringArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                tuple_size,
                                                creation_args,
                                                attribute_options,
                                                storage, reuse);
                         }
    GA_Attribute        *addDictArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    GA_AttributeScope scope,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name, int tuple_size=1,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_STRING,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy());
    SYS_FORCE_INLINE
    GA_Attribute        *addDictArray(GA_AttributeOwner owner,
                                    const UT_StringHolder &name, int tuple_size=1,
                                    const UT_Options *creation_args=0,
                                    const GA_AttributeOptions *attribute_options=0,
                                    GA_Storage storage = GA_STORE_STRING,
                                    const GA_ReuseStrategy &reuse
                                                = GA_ReuseStrategy())
                         {
                             return addDictArray(owner, GA_SCOPE_PUBLIC, name,
                                                tuple_size,
                                                creation_args,
                                                attribute_options,
                                                storage, reuse);
                         }
    /// @}

    /// Magic number for ASCII geometry files
    static inline int    asciiMagicH9()
                         {
                             return (('P'<<24) + ('G'<<16) + ('E'<<8) + 'O');
                         }
    /// Magic number for binary geometry files
    static inline int    binaryMagicH9()
                         {
                             return (('B'<<24) + ('g'<<16) + ('e'<<8) + 'o');
                         }

private:
    bool                 loadPointsH9(UT_IStream &is, int count,
                                      const UT_Array<GA_AttribLoadDataH9> &);
    bool                 savePointsH9(std::ostream &os, bool binary,
                                const UT_Array<GA_AttribSaveDataH9> &) const;
    bool                 savePointH9(std::ostream &os, bool binary, GA_Offset offset,
                                const UT_Array<GA_AttribSaveDataH9> &) const;
    bool                 saveExtraH9(std::ostream &os, bool binary,
                                const UT_Array<const GA_Primitive*> &) const;
    bool                 loadExtraH9(UT_IStream &is);
    bool                 loadVersionH9(UT_IStream &is, int binary);

//
//  Friends
    friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const GEO_Detail &d)
                        {
                            d.saveClassic(
                                    os, /*binary*/ false, /*options*/ nullptr);
                            return os;
                        }

    friend class        GEO_IOTable;    // For loadH9/saveH9
    friend class        GU_IOClassic;   // For loadH9/saveH9

protected:

    /// This is here just so that GA_AttributeSet::jsonSave() can call
    /// GEOcomputeNormals()
    void         privateComputeNormal(
        const GA_RWHandleV3 &normalattrib,
        const GA_Group *group,
        const float cuspangledegrees,
        const int method) const override;

// The compiler reports some deprecated overrides here
SYS_DEPRECATED_PUSH_DISABLE()
};
SYS_DEPRECATED_POP_DISABLE()

#endif