Controls how the force is combined with the incoming velocity field.

Controls the method used to recover detail lost through diffusion. The first-order method uses first derivatives to approximate the local vorticity gradient. This method is fast and stable, but tends to introduce more numerical diffusion, resulting in greater loss of fine-scale detail. The second-order method uses a higher-order approximation that better preserves energy and small-scale features. This method can produce more detailed results, but is slower and may introduce instabilities. These can be mitigated using the Positive Diffusion Scale and Negative Diffusion Scale parameters.

Controls the strength of the vortex confinement force.

Controls the amount of positive diffusion applied. Positive diffusion improves stability by smoothing high-frequency noise and sharp numerical spikes in the vorticity field.

Controls the amount of negative diffusion applied. Negative diffusion acts as an anti-diffusion process, concentrating energy toward the centers of vortex structures instead of spreading it outward.

Controls the size of the neighborhood stencil used to compute curvature at each pixel. Larger values generally produce smoother curvature results. This parameter has a similar effect to Frequency Separation, as it removes high-frequency detail that can cause unnatural jittering.

Applies smooth clamping based on the energy of the band. The target energy determines the maximum energy level at which curl can be amplified. This can help reduce unstable or noisy behavior.

Restricts vortex confinement to areas where vorticles are more likely to develop. This can help reduce the unnatural jittering that vortex confinement can introduce throughout the simulation.

Mask out the effect using the threshold field. Threshold fields are intended to provide harsh on/off effects, but the range can be used to soften the transition.

The value of the threshold field is mapped from this range to 0-1 and applied as a multiplier on top of Scale. The default 0.01 to 0 range is designed to concentrate the effect on the edges and empty regions of the threshold field, but not inside it. When the threshold field is a Vector VDB, this value represents the length of the given vector field.

Turns on the Threshold Ramp, to change how the threshold field should scale the effect between the minimum and maximum values of Threshold Range.

This ramp controls how the threshold field values are mapped between the minimum and maximum values of Threshold Range.

Mask out the effect using the control field. Control fields are usually used the same way as masks, and represent a smooth engagement of the effect.

The value of the control field is mapped from this range to 0-1 and applied as a multiplier on top of Scale. The default 0 to 1 range is designed to concentrate the effect on regions with higher control field values. When the control field is a Vector VDB, this value represents the length of the given vector field.

Turns on the Control Ramp, to change how the control field should scale the effect between the minimum and maximum values of Control Range.

This ramp controls how the control field values are mapped between the minimum and maximum values of Control Range.

Mask out the effect by the angle between the velocity field values and a direction vector.

The reference vector used to calculate the angle deviation against the velocity field.

The value of the calculated angle is mapped until this angle range to 1-0 and applied as a multiplier on top of Scale. At the default 90 degrees, the effect is strongest where the vectors align, and gradually diminishes to zero as the angle reaches this value.

Turns on the Angle Control Ramp, to change how the angle deviation should scale the effect between the aligned vectors and the given Spread Angle.

This ramp controls how the angle deviation is mapped between the aligned vectors and the given Spread Angle.

Mask out the effect along an axis direction. Rather than requiring the construction of VDBs to represent this, this allows direct specification of the world space range over which the effect is to be scaled.

The reference vector along which the effect will be masked.

The position along the axis mask is mapped from this range to 0-1 and applied as a multiplier on top of Scale.

Turns on the Axis Control Ramp, to change how the position along the axis should scale the effect between the minimum and maximum values of Axis Range.

This ramp controls how the position is mapped between the minimum and maximum values of Axis Range.